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Canada

Canada. Preview Section 1: History and Culture Section 2: Canada Today Section 3: Geographic Issues Chapter Wrap-Up. Section 1: History and Culture. Read to Discover Which European countries played a role in Canada’s early history? What are some important features of Canadian culture?.

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Canada

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  1. Canada Preview Section 1:History and Culture Section 2:Canada Today Section 3:Geographic Issues Chapter Wrap-Up

  2. Section 1: History and Culture Read to Discover • Which European countries played a role in Canada’s early history? • What are some important features of Canadian culture?

  3. Section 1: History and Culture European Arrivals in Canada English 1497 Vikings A.D. 1000 French 1530s British 1700s John Cabot Explored for the English Visited eastern shoresNo permanent settlements French-British conflictIn Nova Scotia; settlement increased during American Revolution; provinces established Jacques CartierExplored St. Lawrence River; French sought northwest passage to Asia, fishing and furs, Catholic converts

  4. Section 1: History and Culture Europe’s Role in Canada’s Early History • France • Arrived in 1530s • Goals—to explore, acquire fish and furs, spread Catholic religion • Founded colony in Quebec • Great Britain • Colonized Nova Scotia in 1713 • Forced France out by 1763 • Organized Canada into provinces • Established self-governing dominion

  5. Section 1: History and Culture Key Features of Canadian Culture • Mix of French and British culture, with U.S. influences • Many immigrants in recent years • French Canadian culture in Quebec • British culture in Ontario and farther west • Inuit, Canadian Indians, and relocated city-dwellers in north

  6. Section 2: Canada Today Read to Discover • What resources and activities drive Canada’s economy? • What factors and processes have influenced the growth of Canada’s cities? • How is Canada organized and governed?

  7. Section 2: Canada Today Question What are the resources and economic activities of each region of Canada?

  8. Canada’s Economy Atlantic Provinces Quebec and Ontario Prairie Provinces British Columbia Canadian North Resources: fish, forests, minerals, oilEconomic Activities: fishing, mining, some industries Resources: farmland, mineralsEconomic Activities: service industries, manufacturing, farming, mining Resources: forests, fish, mineralsEconomic Activities: manufacture of forest products, fishing, mining, trade Resources: mineral, diamond, and fossil fuel deposits, freshwaterEconomic Activities: mining, construction, military posts, tourism Resources: fertile soils, potash deposits, oilEconomic Activities: wheat farming, mining, oil drilling Section 2: Canada Today

  9. Section 2: Canada Today Factors in the Growth of Canada’s Cities • Generally well managed, clean, and safe • Toronto—Canada’s largest city, with major companies and cultural institutions, multicultural population • Montreal—cultural center, with good transit system • Victoria and Vancouver—West Coast centers based on fishing, tourism, trade, entertainment production • Prairie cities: Calgary, Edmonton, and Winnipeg—centers for farming, oil production, trade

  10. Section 2: Canada Today • Maintains British ties and British monarch • Democratic government with a prime minister and elected parliament • Provincial governments have local power • Three northern territories have some control over local issues Canada’s Government

  11. Section 3: Geographic Issues Read to Discover • How does the United States influence Canada today? • How have geographic factors affected Canada’s national unity?

  12. Section 3: Geographic Issues Question How has Canada’s relationship with the United States led to economic, cultural, and social changes there?

  13. Section 3: Geographic Issues U.S. Influence on Canada’s Culture Economy Population Culture Cities Economies closely tied together; many U.S. companies in Canada U.S. population is much larger; most Canadians live near U.S. border American mass media heard and seen in Canada nearly every day Canadian and U.S. cities linked; increases cultural exchange

  14. Section 3: Geographic Issues • Regional loyalties undermine unity. • Physical barriers and distance contribute to separation. • Differences between French and British cultures promote separatism. Effects of Geography on Canadian Unity

  15. Chapter Wrap-UpUnderstanding the Main Ideas • What major groups have settled in Canada over time? • What characteristics make Ontario and Quebec Canada’s heartland? • How has Canada’s economy changed over the last century? • How is Canada’s heritage reflected in its system of government? Why was Nunavut created? • What are some important cultural, historical, and economic ties between the United States and Canada?

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