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Kommunikatsiooniteenuste arendus IRT0080

Kommunikatsiooniteenuste arendus IRT0080. Loeng 6 Avo Ots telekommunikatsiooni õppetool, TTÜ raadio- ja sidetehnika inst. avo.ots@ttu.ee. Common Core Network. Multi-service User Terminal. Basic Access Network. Access. Internet. IP backbone. Managed IP Network. Common Core Network Plane.

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Kommunikatsiooniteenuste arendus IRT0080

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  1. Kommunikatsiooniteenuste arendusIRT0080 Loeng 6Avo Otstelekommunikatsiooni õppetool, TTÜ raadio- ja sidetehnika inst.avo.ots@ttu.ee

  2. Common Core Network Multi-service User Terminal Basic Access Network Access

  3. Internet IP backbone Managed IP Network Common Core Network Plane RANs Service NetworkPlane Multi-service User Terminal (MUT) Basic Access Network Plane Basic Access Network cells Architectural Layout

  4. L2TP Tunnel ISP Access PoP Carrier IP core ISP Access PoP INTERNET Typical Broadband IP Model

  5. Broadband ‘Direct’ BAS ASP Access PoP Carrier IP core ASP Access PoP INTERNET

  6. IP Subnet: 160.243.x.x BSS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS Link Layer Mobility • Handover is taken care of by the involved BSs (and BSS) of the RAN • Applicable only to the same RAN • Within IP sub-network • Transparent to the network layer • Care-of-Address is retained • No registration activity involved • BAN signaling not necessary

  7. Root CCN /Internet Macro Domain/Region IP Core BSS BSS BSS BSS Micro Domain RAN IP Subnet: 160.244.x.x IP Subnet: 160.241.x.x IP Subnet: 160.242.x.x IP Subnet: 160.243.x.x BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS BS Subnets Micro and Macro Mobility in IP

  8. Heterogeneous Wireless Networks Internet

  9. Application Telnet, FTP, RPC, SIP, SAP, SDP, RTP/RTCP, RTSP HTTP, SMTP, etc. User Space Presentation Session Transport TCP and UDP Operating System Network IP/ICMP, Routing Protocols, Mobile IP, IP Multicast/IGMP, etc. Link Ethernet, ATM, 802.11, HIPERLAN, UMTS, Bluetooth, etc. Device Drivers and Hardware Physical IP Protocol Stack

  10. IP Mobility • No true IP mobility is available • L2TP provides limited IP mobility within the boundaries of the specific access network • Only MobileIP technology can provide true IP mobility to end users

  11. IP Mobility – the Problem • Internet Protocol routes packets to their destination according to IP addresses • IP addresses are associated with a fixed network location • TCP Protocol uses IP addresses and port number to identify a session

  12. IP Mobility Problem Link A 129.187.109.xxx Link C 204.71.200.xxx 129.187.109.40 Internet Mobile Computer at Home Link: Link B 129.187.222.xxx

  13. IP Mobility Problem Mobile Computer to Foreign Link: Link A 129.187.109.xxx Link C 204.71.200.xxx 129.187.109.40 Internet Link B 129.187.222.xxx

  14. IP Mobility Problem Mobile Computer at Foreign Link: Link A 129.187.109.xxx Link C 204.71.200.xxx Internet Link B 129.187.222.xxx Different Subnet Number 129.187.109.40

  15. IP Mobility Problem ? Mobile Computer at Foreign Link: Link A 129.187.109.xxx Link C 204.71.200.xxx Internet Link B 129.187.222.xxx Different Subnet Number 129.187.109.40

  16. One IP address for identifying a mobile node. The original & permanent IP adress at home link: Home Address One IP address for locating a mobile node. A temporary IP address at current (foreign) link: Care-of Address Transparency for higher layers (including applications) Home Address Home Address IP Home Address Home Address Care-of Address Care-of Address IP Mobility –Mobile IP Dual Adressing Transparency

  17. Terminology in Mobile IP Mobile Node A Node that can move from Access Point to Access Point being always reachable for other nodes by his Home Address. Home Agent a Router at the Home Network where the Mobile Node can register its Care of Address. Home Address Static IP Address of the mobile Host in his Home Network (e.g. used to identify TCP connections) Care-of Address Temporary IP Address that identifies the Mobile Node in a visited Network (CoA) Foreign Agent The Router in the Foreign Network, that provides CoA for visiting Mobile Nodes Correspondent Node The node which is connected to the Mobile Node

  18. Mobility • Increasing number of users asks for Mobility Support in Internet Transparency Easy to use Security • Mobility shall be transparent to all Protocol Layers above IP • Mobility shall be as easy to handle as with Mobile Phones in GSM • Mobility shall not decrease security in Internet Routing • Mobility shall be compatible to all Routing Protocols and shall optimize routes Requirements for Mobility in Internet

  19. Mobile IP – Basic Mechanisms • Discovery of the Care–of Address (CoA) using Router Advertisements • Registering the Care–of Address • Tunneling to the Care–of Address

  20. Home Agent Mobile IP Scenario Link B R Mobile Node Foreign Agent Home Link Link A R Internet Link C R Node C

  21. Home Agent Mobile Node registers at its Home Agent Link B R 2 Mobile Node Foreign Agent Home Link Link A 1 R Internet Link C R Mobile Node sends Binding Update Home Agent confirms with Binding Acknowledgement 1 Host C 2

  22. Tunneling Decapsulation Encapsulation Source Destination

  23. Home Agent Mobile Node moves Network B R Home Network Network A Mobile Node Internet R Network C R Router R Correspondent Node

  24.  Mobile Node registers at its Home Agent Network B R Network A R Mobile Node Internet Home Agent Network C R • Mobile Node sends Binding Update • Home Agent confirms with Binding Acknowledgement Correspondent Node

  25.  Triangular Routing during Initial Phase Network B R  NetworkA R Internet Mobile Node Network C Home Agent R • Correspondent Node C initiates connection and sends packets to the Home Address of the Mobile Node • Home Agent intercepts packets and tunnels themto the Mobile Node • Mobile Node sends answer directly to Host C Correspondent Node C

  26.  Normal Operation by Route Optimization Network B R Network A R Internet Mobile Node Network C Home Agent R Correspondent Node • Mobile Node sends Binding Update to Correspondent Node C • Now Correspondent Node can address the CoA of the Mobile Node directly

  27. Mobile Node moves Mobile Node Network B R Network D Network A R R Internet Network C Home Agent R Correspondent Node • Mobile Node sends Binding Updates to theHome Agent and to all the Nodes, he is connected to

  28. Dynamic Home Agent Address Discovery Home Agents List Priority Home Agent 3 9 Home Agent 1 2 Home Agent 2 -3 R Home Agent 3 R Internet Mobile Node Home Agent 1 Home Agent 2 • Mobile Node sends Binding Update to the Home-AgentsAnycast Address of its Home Network. • A Home Agent answers with Binding Acknowledgementwhich contains the Home Agents List

  29. Registration with selected Home Agent Home Agents List Priority Home Agent 3 9 Home Agent 1 2 Home Agent 2 -3 R Home Agent 3 R Internet Mobile Node Home Agent 1 Home Agent 2 • Mobile Node sends Binding Update to the first Home Agentfrom the Home Agents List • Binding Acknowledgement; Registration OK

  30. Correspondent  Node MN Packet Format Mobile IPv6 MN  Correspondent Node

  31. Advantages Mobile IPv6 • Mobility already considered in design of IPv6 • 128 bit IPv6-Addresses allows Mobile Node to derive CoA from Router Advertisement easily • Stateless Address Autoconfiguration and Neighbor Discovery make FAs and DHCP-Server superfluous • IPv6 supports dynamically finding of HA efficiently by means of Anycast Address • Integrated IPSec-Functionality in IPv6 makes Authentication of Mobile IPv6 Packets easier (in MIPv4 IPSec is optional, in MIPv6 mandatory)

  32. Internet Draft RFC • Mobility Support in IPv6 • Route Optimization in Mobile IP • Requirements on Mobile IP from a Cellular Perspective • ... • IP Mobility Support (RFC 2002) • IP Encapsulation within IP (RFC 2003) • Minimal Encapsulation within IP (RFC 2004) • Reverse Tunneling for Mobile IP (RFC 2344) • ... Mobile IP in Standardization

  33. IM Domain IPv6 PSTN Media/ Signalling Gateway SIP Proxy Server PS Domain IPv4 or IPv6 MobileTerminal Existing IPv4 Internet WWW Server GTP Operators ISP SIP Proxy Server SGSN GGSN SIP Client IPv6 in 3G Networks

  34. Internet IPv4 or IPv6 address DSLAM ATM Internet VC – Variable Bit Rate BAS IP Core SIP VC – Constant Bit Rate SIP Server Globally routable IPv6 address(es) IPv6 Multimedia Domain Other Operator’s Multimedia Domain IPv6 in Broadband Networks

  35. Broadband/3G Integration • Unified infrastructure • No interworking or gateways • No addressing problems • Forecasted volumes easy to cater for • Leverage application development for maximum returns

  36. MobileIPv6 Benefits • MobileIPv6 + Broadband ‘Direct’ model is a powerful enabler of IP mobility • End-users running services are continuously on-line and contactable while roaming between broadband network access segments

  37. MobileIPv6 and Broadband • Without MobileIP, connections from UserA to UserB have to go via ISP A and ISP B • Inefficient routing • Poor scalability • Multiple single-points-of-failure User A User B ISP B ISP A

  38. MobileIPv6 and Broadband User A User B Subsequent traffic direct to Care-of-address ISP B Home Agent Holds care-of-address of user B Initial traffic only passes through ISPs ISP A Home Agent Holds care-of-address of user A

  39. IPv6 Transition & Interworking • Transition • how we migrate to IPv6 • Interworking • how we continue to operate with IPv4 • New networks have no transition requirements • Transition requirements for core networks met through routine upgrades

  40. IPv6 Interworking • Interworking multimedia domains • Enabling SIP application interworking • Deploy proxies at the network boundary • Interworking network core • Dependent on type of address allocation to end-user • Translation is required where user has no IPv4 address

  41. Interworking Options IM Domain IPv6 PSTN Media/ Signalling Gateway SIP Proxy Server PS Domain IPv4 or IPv6 MobileTerminal Existing IPv4 Internet WWW Server GTP Operators ISP SIP Proxy Server SGSN GGSN SIP Client Potential points of IPv4/IPv6 interworking support

  42. NAT-PT Translation IP Network (IPv4) Access Router (IPv6) DSL Access Network NAT-PT Communication with IPv4 via translator End User Equipment (IPv6 only) IPv4 DNS IPv6 DNS DNS exchange initiates communication via translator

  43. Access Router (IPv6) DSL Access Network IP Network (IPv4) End User Equipment (Initially IPv6 only) Native communication with IPv4 IPv4 over IPv6 tunnel DHCPv6 End user discovers communication to IPv4 – requests temporary IPv4 address DSTM Support for native IPv4

  44. Hub 3 IPv4 GPRSContainer Hub 2 HA Hub 1 PROXY 202.140.100.19 Ethernet 6in4 tunnel 202.140.100.21 Router 1 PC HK Live IPv4 Ultima 202.140.100.18 202.140.100.22-30 PC 6in4 tunnel Private IPv4 addresses MAP 202.140.100.20 MIPv6 Scenario 4: Fixed/Mobile roaming Serial R520 Router 2 Ethernet Local Native IPv6 Network MIPv6 WLAN BS2 CN APPS (WWW, MP3, Quake, DNS) 202.140.100.17 VOD RNC Scenario 3: Broadband MobileIPv6 Scenario 1: Fixed broadband IPv6 WLAN BS1 Scenario 2: Wireless broadband IPv6

  45. HK IPv6 Network Applications Server DNS Server WLAN IPv6 Local Internet IPv6 MP3 Audio IPv6 VoD Quake Scenario 1: Broadband IPv6

  46. IPv6 Network IPv6 MP3 Audio IPv6 Internet IPv4 Internet Scenario 2: IPv6 meets IPv4 IPv6 Network IPv4 Internet IP v4 DNS Server

  47. Office Domain Scenario 3: MobileIPv6 IPv4 Internet HK IPv6 Network Database Server Portal Server WLAN WLAN Home Agent Home Domain MIPv6 Local News & Weather Business News, Shares & Reminders

  48. Scenario 4: Inter-technology handover IPv4 Internet HK IPv6 Network Database Server Portal Server GPRS GPRS WLAN Home Agent Office Domain Mobile Domain High Bandwidth Low Bandwidth MIPv6 Business News, Shares & Reminders Business News, Shares & Reminders

  49. Testbed System

  50. IP Mobility Support • Basic idea of IP mobility management • understand the issues of network-layer mobility support in IP network • understand the basic design principles underlying all mobility support schemes • Internet standard: mobile IPv4, Mobile IPv6 • the operations of MIPv4 • introduction to MIPv6 • Fast handover solutions

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