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Globalization: Cliché or Explanation of Global Change?. What is globalization?/How should it be conceptualized? Does contemporary globalization represent a novel condition? Is globalization associated with the demise, the resurgence or the transformation of state power?
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Globalization: Cliché or Explanation of Global Change? • What is globalization?/How should it be conceptualized? • Does contemporary globalization represent a novel condition? • Is globalization associated with the demise, the resurgence or the transformation of state power? • In what other locations/scales does power/sovereignty reside? • Does contemporary globalization impose new limits to politics? • How can globalization be civilized and democratized?
Jihad v. McWorld BenjaminBarber
Religion/ Non-material Values Local/National Identity National/Local Mobilization Communal Loyalty Emphasis on Unique History Defense of Territory Landscape Preservation (esp. symbolic) Materialism/Material Values Amorphous Identity Economic/Cultural Imports Individual Ambitions Universal Experience Connections with nongroup members Imported Elements Elements of Tradition (v. Modernity)
Amartya Sen Critique Amartya Sen Critique of Huntington • Morally offensive and destructive • Simplified: Culture is much more than religion-we are multi-dimensional. • Classification supercedes the possibility that we chose our own identities • Stereotyping is morally gross • Classification is divisive
Amartya Sen Critique of Huntington • Politically Destructive: • If we chose our own identifications we can make political associations based on different identities • Pakistan/Bangladesh • Poverty • We also might chose to make ethical, not identity based associations
Amartya Sen Critique of Huntington • Ignores diversity of traditions within “civilizations” • Muslims and other traditions in India • “Western” appropriation of tolerance ignore diversity of this cultural trait • Ignores major global interactions in science, technology, mathematics and literature over past millenia
Amartya Sen Critique of Huntington • Far reaching effects: • Gives exaggerated commanding voice to religious leaders • Causes self-identification of non-western world as “the other” at the expense of freedom to chose among many identities • Focuses on what divides v. what unites; fuels alienation • Interferes with positive work of identifying solutions to inqualities without losing technological and economic opportunities
Doreen Massey Lecture http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/media/geographie/Hettner1998.html