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WORLD WAR I

WORLD WAR I. War breaks out in Eastern Europe. 1914-1918. Map Activity. Students will label the countries of Eastern Europe. Identify and label capital cities, oceans, seas, lakes, rivers. Make a key with color showing Allied and Cental Powers. CAUSES OF THE WAR.

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WORLD WAR I

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  1. WORLD WAR I War breaks out in Eastern Europe. 1914-1918

  2. Map Activity • Students will label the countries of Eastern Europe. • Identify and label capital cities, oceans, seas, lakes, rivers. • Make a key with color showing Allied and Cental Powers.

  3. CAUSES OF THE WAR • Nationalism – national pride or loyalty to one’s country. • Territorial rivalries – historical dispute over rule of lands. The Ottoman Empire ( Later Known as Turkey ) gained control of the Balkans in the 1400’s and ruled the area until the 1800’s. • By then the four main ethnic groups – Albanians, Greeks, Romanians, and Slavs were struggling for independence.

  4. CONT….. • Greece began a successful revolt in the 1820’s and Romania followed in 1859. • Following a war between Russia and the Ottoman Empire in 1878, Bulgarians, Montenegrins, and Serbs each staked their claim to nationhood. • Soon after Austria –Hungary occupied the small Balkan kingdoms of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Bosnia). • Serbia saw Bosnia as part of it’s rightful territory. • Austria-Hungary annex’s territories in 1908 creating hostility in the region.

  5. MILITARISM AND ALLIANCES • Large European countries frequently overpowered smaller one’s . • Leaders of major European powers believed that disputes would ultimately be settled on the battlefield. • They engaged in an arms race in which they tried to develop larger armies and more powerful weapons than their rivals. • Leaders formed alliances with other nations, each promising to aid the other in case of attack by a third power.

  6. ALLIANCES CENTRAL POWERS ALLIED POWERS • Germany • Austria-Hungary • Ottoman Empire • Bulgaria • France • Russia • Great Britain • Serbia • Romania • Italy • United States

  7. THE GREAT WAR BEGINS • June 14, 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand ( the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne ) and his wife Sofia are shot and killed by a Serbian nationalist (Gavrilo Princip) while on a visit in the streets of Sarajevo.

  8. WARFARE AND WEAPONS Trench Warfare Weapons • Both parties occupied trenches along a front that ran for hundreds of miles from the north sea to the border of Switzerland. • Soldiers would exit the trenches and charge towards the enemy many being cut down by a hail of machine gun fire. • Machine Guns • Tanks • Poison Gas • Submarines • Airplanes

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