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Patterns and Trends in Environmental Contaminants in Nestling Bald Eagles

Patterns and Trends in Environmental Contaminants in Nestling Bald Eagles. Bill Route and Rebecca Key, National Park Service Cheryl Dykstra, Raptor Environmental Mike Meyer, and Paul Rasmussen, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Robin Russell, USGS

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Patterns and Trends in Environmental Contaminants in Nestling Bald Eagles

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  1. Patterns and Trends in Environmental Contaminants in Nestling Bald Eagles Bill Route and Rebecca Key, National Park Service Cheryl Dykstra, Raptor Environmental Mike Meyer, and Paul Rasmussen, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Robin Russell, USGS Andrew Lindstrum and Mark Strynar, EPA

  2. Great Lakes I&M Network • 9 NPS units • 6 yr inventory and planning • 2006 began monitoring

  3. Air quality Weather Landbirds Vegetation Waterquality Toxics Amphibians/wetlands Land use

  4. Study areas

  5. Bald eagle as sentinel

  6. Chemicals & sampling • 2 Heavy metals • Mercury • Lead • 2 Legacy contaminants • DDT & metabolites DDE/DDD • PCBs (75 congeners) • 2 Emerging contaminants • Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs; 16 analytes) • Polybrominateddiphenyl ethers (PBDEs; 9 congeners) • 2006-2011 baseline, then 2-year intervals

  7. Remote, low human population levels Urban, industrial, high human population levels

  8. DDEStill elevated at some nest sites 28 ppb threshold: Elliot and Harris 2001/2002, Reviews in Toxicology 4, 1-60

  9. DDE declined 3% annually 1989-2009 Eagles on Apostle Islands increasing Dykstra, Route et al. 2010 JGLR 36(3):561-569

  10. Mercury Spatial patterns

  11. Average mercury levels Declined 2.4% per year, 1991-2009 Dykstra, Route et al. 2010 JGLR 36(3):561-569

  12. Lead patterns FeathersBlood

  13. Trends in lead(feathers)

  14. ƩPBDE distribution

  15. ƩPBDE trends -5.5%/yr decline ? Routeand Dykstra et al, In preparation

  16. PFOSPFOA(Scotchgard) (Teflon)

  17. PFOS trends

  18. PFOA trends

  19. PFCs that show increases Modeled geometric means from 3 independent labs Bayesian analysis by Robin Russell, USGS Routeand Russell et al, In preparation

  20. Conclusions • Industrial compounds highest near urban areas • Mercury linked to % wetlands in the drainage • Several compounds declined: • Mercury (91-09) and lead (feathers) • DDE, ƩPCBs, ƩPBDEs, ƩPFCs… • Individual congeners more complex • Higher brominated PBDEs (153 & 154) show signs of increase on the St Croix and downstream on the Mississippi • PFNA (LS) and PFTrDA (regionally) show increases

  21. Any questions ? • Major Funding • National Park Service • Great Lakes Restoration Initiative • Minnesota Pollution Control Agency

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