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Galucoma

Galucoma. The most of important factor which cause rise of intraocular pressure is obstruction to the drainage of the aqueous humor . Infantile Glaucoma( Buphthalmos ). Incidence : i . Age : present since birth , symptoms may manifest within 1-3 years of life . ii. Sex : Boys > Girls

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Galucoma

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  1. Galucoma The most of important factor which cause rise of intraocular pressure is obstruction to the drainage of the aqueous humor

  2. Infantile Glaucoma(Buphthalmos) • Incidence : i. Age : present since birth , symptoms may manifest within 1-3 years of life . ii. Sex : Boys > Girls iii. It’s usually bilateral • Symptoms : 1- Lacrimation 2- Photophobia 3- DV 4- enlargement of the cornea

  3. Signs : 1- enlargement of the eyeball 2- corneal oedema 3- deep anterior chamber 4- Lens is flattened and displaced backward 5- Sclera becomes thin and bluish • Diagnosis : 1- Raised intraocular pressure 2- Measurement of corneal diameter 3- Fundus examination 4- Gonioscopy

  4. Open Angle Glaucoma

  5. Central Visual Field Defects

  6. Peripheral Field Defects

  7. Treatment

  8. Surgical treatment ( Trabeculectomy ) Argon or Diode Laser Trabeculoplasty

  9. Acute congestive glaucoma

  10. Closed Angle Glaucomacondition which the intraocular tension is raised due to the narrow or closed angle of the anterior chamber . Etiology -genetic base- 1- small eyes 2- anatomically narrow angle 3- shallow A/C 4- iris is pushed forward Incidence 1- Age : 5th to 6th decade 2- Sex : Women more effected 3- Bilateral but one’s eye is evolved first

  11. Symptoms : 1- sudden onset & intense unbearable pain 2- Severe headache , nausea , & vomiting 3- marked deminshitionof vision 4- redness , lacrimation , & photophobia Signs : 1- chemosis 2- cilliary congestion 3- Cornea is cloudy 4- A/C very shallow 5- iris discolored , Atrophic patches 6- pupil is dilated and vertically oval 7- Glaucoma flakens (Psuduxexophalations ) 8- markedly raised intocular pressure 9- fundus examn – difficult to see ( no cupping ) 10- Gonioscopy narrow angle of A/C 11- the other eye has shallow A/C and narrow angle

  12. Treatment : initial treatment is always medical & after controlling of IOP surgical peripheral iridectomy or laser iridotomy .

  13. Absolute Glaucomathe eye is completely blind with markedly increased IOP Treatment : 1- trabeculectomy 2- Cyclodialysis 3- Cyclocryopexy 4- to relive pain by retro bulbar alcohol injection

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