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T-W10/1-2/13; F10/7/11 ; F10/3/08

T-W10/1-2/13; F10/7/11 ; F10/3/08. American Revolution: Course of the War (Ch. 6.1 & 6.2; pp. ???) Q : What strategy did each side (British & American colonists) use to fight the war? How did each fare?. I. War in North. A. New England, 1775-76 heavy Patriot support began in NE

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T-W10/1-2/13; F10/7/11 ; F10/3/08

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  1. T-W10/1-2/13; F10/7/11; F10/3/08 American Revolution: Course of the War (Ch. 6.1 & 6.2; pp. ???) Q: What strategy did each side (British & American colonists) use to fight the war? How did each fare?

  2. I. War in North A. New England, 1775-76 • heavy Patriot support • began in NE • Britain wants to punish & end war quickly • British strategy: traditional fighting; conquer cities • Lexington & Concord • Bunker Hill → Boston • British leave Boston by summer 1776

  3. I. War in North (cont.) B. Middle, 1776-78 1. NYC - Long Island – Aug. 1776 • traditional fighting – Br. wins • Continental Army: inexperienced, undisciplined • GW retreats 2. Princeton/Trenton – Dec. 1776; Jan. 1777 • surprise attack • Christmas day • non-traditional • guerilla warfare • morale boost

  4. I. War in North (cont.) B. Middle, 1776-78 3. Saratoga – Oct. 1777 • traditional style • American victory • French support – financial, military, diplomatic • Why important? • turning point of war

  5. II. Major Issues 4. Foreign Help • Marquis de Lafayette – French • Baron Freidrich von Steuben – German (Prussian) • Feb. ’78 – discipline @ Valley Forge • Thaddeus Kosciuszko & Casimir Pulaski – Polish • War on Continent • move troops from America to prevent attacks in Europe

  6. II. War in West, 1776-79 • NA’s vs. Amer. Colonists • Joseph Brant (NA) • George Rogers Clark (US) • Vincennes • Frontier fighting • brutal • guerilla warfare

  7. III. War in South, 1778-81 A. Loyalists? • wealthy, urban • freed slaves • Br. promised freedom • later sent to Nova Scotia after war B. Cornwallis • traditional fighting • won many battles

  8. III. War in South(cont.) C. Francis Marion • guerilla fighting • dominated rural areas • Benjamin Martin (Mel Gibson) in Patriot • loosely based D. Yorktown • Cornwallis • Traditional battle • Amer. Victory w/ French support • Effectively ends war

  9. IV. Peace of Paris - 1783 • began in June 1782 • all land east of MS river • except FL & Canada • already 20,000 settlers west of Appalachian • beat NA’s in west during Rev. • FL: Spain • border dispute until Pinckney’s Treaty 1795 • Canada remains British • Compensate Loyalists for lost property

  10. V. Impact of Rev. War A. Two big questions unresolved by war: • 1. freedom? • What kind of society would America be? (slave, free?) • 2. gov’t? • Where would power lie in gov’t? (central, states?) B. Damage to US • 5% of adult white males (16-45 years old) died in war – equivalent to 12.5M people in 2000 census!!! • Loyalists leave • about 1 in 6 Loyalists left • approximately 65-70K plus several thousand black Loyalists

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