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Quark Gluon Plasma

Welcome to the presentation of:. Quark Gluon Plasma. Presented by: Rick Ueno. Background. Originated from Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) proposed by Murray Gell-Mann in 1963 QCD is a theory describing strong interactions Plays important roles in supporting Standard Model. Murray Gell-Mann.

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Quark Gluon Plasma

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  1. Welcome to the presentation of: Quark Gluon Plasma Presented by: Rick Ueno

  2. Background • Originated from Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) proposed by Murray Gell-Mann in 1963 • QCD is a theory describing strong interactions • Plays important roles in supporting Standard Model Murray Gell-Mann

  3. General Information • It is a different state of quarks and gluons as we know today • It is thought to exist around ten microseconds after the Big Bang • Quarks and gluons were at too large densities and temperature to be confined within nucleon.

  4. ICE WATER Energy (Heat) added STEAM HYDROGEN & OXYGEN OXYGEN PROTON & ELECTRON QUARKS & GLUONS ELECTRON QGP

  5. QGP and Big Bang • Theory predicts the critical temperature T0 to be 150 – 200 MeV, and Energy density E0 to be approximately 1 GeV/fm3. • As the universe expands and cools, free quarks and gluons form stable particles as we know today

  6. Why do we want this? • This tests the Standard Model of strong interactions (QCD) • We want to know what consisted in the early stage of the big bang

  7. QGP Experiments • Scientists believe that some QGP still exist in the centre of dense neutron stars • But we can’t get there and obtain samples • So we have to make our own in the laboratory • Promising experiments are RHIC and ALICE

  8. ALICE Experiment • “ALarge Ion Collider Experiment” • Its purpose is to detect and to study QGP • Begins operation in 2007 • The experiment benefits from experience gained from RHIC • Uses lead, the heaviest ion to be accelerated in laboratory, to maximize the signal for detecting QGP

  9. ALICE Detector

  10. Detection of QGP • Two lead particles collide • They form into a short-lived fireball volume • This state is in QGP form • After short period of time it expands and cools, and it emits hadrons such as J/Ψ,which we can detect

  11. Problems • Temperatures that we can achieve at this stage is barely enough for deconfinement • Limitation of statistical analysis • The quark gluon plasma is yet to be discovered unambiguously

  12. Future of QGP • The more we know about QGP, the more we know about our own universe • Characterization of QGP by electromagnetic radiation has only begun • The ongoing technology increases the collision energy, bringing the energy well above threshold of formation of QGP

  13. References & Further Readings • ALICE, (n.d.). When Time Began, Retrieved from: http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/Public/When_time_began.html • ALICE, (n.d.). What is Quark matter? Retrieved from: http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/Public/HeavyIon.html • Jacak, B. (2001) Is the Quark Gluon Plasma in Hand? Nuclear Physics A680 pp221-228 • Lahanas, M. (n.d.) Quark Gluon Plasma. Retrieved from: http://www.mlahanas.de/Physics/QGP/QGP.htm • University of Cambridge. (n.d.). Hot Big Bang. Retrieved from: http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/gr/public/bb_home.html • Wikipedia: http://www.wikipedia.com

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