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Section 1.2: Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell

Section 1.2: Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell. The microscope is an important tool. Different types of microscopes are used to observe different things Compound Light microscope - allow scientists to see living cells

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Section 1.2: Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell

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  1. Section 1.2: Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell

  2. The microscope is an important tool • Different types of microscopes are used to observe different things Compound Light microscope- allow scientists to see living cells Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM)- produce a 3-D image of a cell’s surface Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)- produce a 2-D image of the inside of a cell **SEM and TEM do not allow scientists to see living cells, but they do magnify objects up to a million times**

  3. Cells are divided into two categories • The difference between the two types of cells is the location of the genetic material • Eukaryotic cell - have a nucleus that contains the genetic material for a cell • Prokaryotic cells- do not have a nucleus and the genetic material is in the cytoplasm

  4. Eukaryotic Cell Prokaryotic Cell

  5. Cells are diverse • Eukaryotic cells have organelles - internal parts of a cell that perform particular functions • cytoplasm - a jelly-like material inside the cell

  6. Plant Cell cytoplasm

  7. Cells are diverse • Eukaryotic cells have organelles - internal parts of a cell that perform particular functions • cytoplasm - a jelly-like material inside the cell • cell membrane - protective covering that controls entry into and out of cell “The Traffic Cop”

  8. Plant Cell cytoplasm cell membrane

  9. Organelles found in cells • Nucleus - stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function “The Control Center”

  10. Plant Cell nucleus cytoplasm cell membrane

  11. Organelles found in cells • Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center” • Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein “Protein Factories”

  12. Plant Cell nucleus ribosomes cytoplasm cell membrane

  13. Organelles found in cells • Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center” • Ribosomes- process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories” • Endoplasmic reticulum - moves materials around the cell “Cell Highway”

  14. Plant Cell nucleus endoplasmic reticulum ribosomes cytoplasm cell membrane

  15. Organelles found in cells • Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center” • Ribosomes- process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories” • Endoplasmic reticulum- moves materials around the cell. “Cell Highway” • Mitochondria - uses oxygen to process food (process called cellular respiration) “Powerhouse of the Cell”

  16. Plant Cell nucleus endoplasmic reticulum ribosomes mitochondria cytoplasm cell membrane

  17. Organelles found in cells • Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center” • Ribosomes- process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories” • Endoplasmic reticulum- moves materials around the cell. “Cell Highway” • Mitochondria - uses oxygen to process food in a process called cellular respiration. “Powerhouse of the Cell” Golgi apparatus - finishes processing and packaging proteins “The Finisher”

  18. Plant Cell nucleus Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum ribosomes mitochondria cytoplasm cell membrane

  19. Organelles found in cells • vesicles - transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. -”The Delivery Truck”

  20. Plant Cell vesicles nucleus Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum ribosomes mitochondria cytoplasm cell membrane

  21. Organelles found in cells • vesicles - transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. -”The Delivery Truck” • *cell wall - tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell

  22. Plant Cell vesicles nucleus Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum ribosomes mitochondria cytoplasm cell wall cell membrane

  23. Organelles found in cells • vesicles - transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. -”The Delivery Truck” • *cell wall - tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell • *chloroplasts - use sunlight to make sugar (energy) for a plant cell

  24. Plant Cell vesicles nucleus Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum chloroplast ribosomes mitochondria cytoplasm cell wall cell membrane

  25. Organelles found in cells • vesicles - transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. -”The Delivery Truck” • *cell wall - tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell • *chloroplasts - use sunlight to make sugar (energy) for a plant cell • *central vacuole - hold water, waste and other materials in a plant cell

  26. Plant Cell vesicles nucleus Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum chloroplast ribosomes central vacuole mitochondria cytoplasm cell wall cell membrane

  27. Animal Cell endoplasmic reticulum nucleus ribosomes Golgi apparatus vesicles cytoplasm mitochondria cell membrane

  28. Organelles found in cells • *lysosomes (only found in animal cells) - break down waste materials “Digestion Center”

  29. Animal Cell endoplasmic reticulum nucleus ribosomes Golgi apparatus *lysosomes vesicles cytoplasm mitochondria cell membrane

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