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Deuteronomy 10:17-19 Pew Bibles p. 190 Deuteronomy 24:14-15, 19 Pew Bibles p. 202 Leviticus 19:34 Pew Bibles p. 122 Hebrews 13:1-3 Pew Bibles p. 1211. Lent Lecture Series 2016 Refugees and Immigration. Professor H ugh Williamson.
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Deuteronomy 10:17-19 Pew Bibles p. 190 Deuteronomy 24:14-15, 19 Pew Bibles p. 202 Leviticus 19:34 Pew Bibles p. 122 Hebrews 13:1-3 Pew Bibles p. 1211
Lent Lecture Series 2016Refugees and Immigration Professor Hugh Williamson
An asylum-seeker is someone who says he or she is a refugee, but whose claim has not yet been definitively evaluated A refugee is ‘a person who is outside his or her country of nationality or habitual residence; has a well-founded fear of being persecuted because of his or her race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion; and is unable or unwilling to avail him— or herself of the protection of that country, or to return there, for fear of persecution’ (UNHCR Convention, 1951).
An immigrant: ‘A person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country’ A migrant: ‘A person who moves from one place to another in order to find work or better living conditions’
You shall not eat anything that dies of itself; you may give it to aliens residing in your towns for them to eat, or you may sell it to a foreigner. For you are a people holy to the Lord your God. (Deuteronomy 14:21)
In order that the mighty not wrong the weak, to provide just ways for the orphan and widow, I have inscribed my precious pronouncements upon my stela and set it up before the statue of me, the king of justice … to provide just ways for the wronged. (Epilogue to Hammurabi’s Code)
Do justice, then you endure on earth; Calm the weeper, don’t oppress the widow, Don’t expel a man from his father’s property [i.e. an orphan], Don’t reduce the nobles in their possessions. (Instruction of Merikare)
When raiders lead raids, and creditors detain (debtors), You let your hands fall slack: you do not judge the widow’s case, you do not make a decision regarding the oppressed you do not cast out those who prey upon the poor. Before you, you do not feed the orphan, behind your back the widow. (Epic of King Kirta) [He] arose and sat at the entrance to the (city-)gate, among the leaders sitting at the threshing floor. He judged the widow’s case, made decisions regarding the orphan (Legend of Aqhat)
[God] is not partial and takes no bribe, but executes justice for the orphan and the widow, and loves the resident aliens, providing them with food and clothing. (Deuteronomy 10:18) When you reap your harvest in your field and forget a sheaf in the field, you shall not go back to get it; it shall be left for the alien, the orphan, and the widow, so that the Lord your God may bless you in all your undertakings. (Deuteronomy 24:19)
You shall not withhold the wages of poor and needy labourers, whether other Israelites or aliens who reside in your land in one of your towns. You shall pay them their wages daily before sunset, because they are poor and their livelihood depends on them; otherwise they might cry to the Lord against you, and you would incur guilt. (Deuteronomy 24:14–15) Remember the sabbath day, and keep it holy. For six days you shall labour and do all your work. But the seventh day is a sabbath to the Lord your God; you shall not do any work—you, your son or your daughter, your male or female slave, your livestock, or the alien resident in your towns. (Exodus 20:8–10)
You shall also love the resident alien, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt (Deuteronomy 10:19) Remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt; therefore I am commanding you to do this. (Deuteronomy 24:19)
The alien who resides with you shall be to you as the citizen among you; you shall love the alien as yourself, for you were aliens in the land of Egypt: I am the Lord your God. (Leviticus 19:34)
No Ammonite or Moabite shall be admitted to the assembly of the Lord. Even to the tenth generation, none of their descendants shall be admitted to the assembly of the Lord, because they did not meet you with food and water on your journey out of Egypt, and because they hired against you Balaam son of Beor, from Pethor of Mesopotamia, to curse you. (Deuteronomy 23.3–4)
So Boaz took Ruth and she became his wife. When they came together, the Lord made her conceive, and she bore a son … Then Naomi took the child and laid him in her bosom, and became his nurse. The women of the neighbourhood gave him a name, saying, ‘A son has been born to Naomi.’ They named him Obed; he became the father of Jesse, the father of David. (Ruth 4:13, 16–17)
He said also to the one who had invited him, ‘When you give a luncheon or a dinner, do not invite your friends or your brothers or your relatives or rich neighbours, in case they may invite you in return, and you would be repaid. But when you give a banquet, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, and the blind. And you will be blessed, because they cannot repay you, for you will be repaid at the resurrection of the righteous.’ (Luke 14:12–14)
Let mutual love continue. Do not neglect to show hospitality to strangers, for by doing that some have entertained angels without knowing it. Remember those who are in prison, as though you were in prison with them; those who are being tortured, as though you yourselves were being tortured. (Hebrews 13:1–3)
500,000 Hugenots fled France by 1708, of whom about 50,000 came to England 1914: over 1,000,000 Belgians fled, of whom Britain took 250,000 1939: 10,000 Jewish children and around 70,000 other Jewish refugees, of whom about 40,000 remained after the war 1945: 12,000,000 ethnic Germans fled from eastern regions 1972: 60,000 East African Asians
Population of Europe 743M Population of GB 64M Population of WDC 116000 Refugees to Europe in 2015 1,006,000 Percentage of total population 0.1354% 0.1354% of WDC 157 5000 is 0.0078% of 64M 0.0078% of 116000 is 9
About 5.5M British citizens live abroad (BBC) of whom about 1.5M in Europe (Financial Times, 2014) Start of 2015 30,000 British nationals claiming unemployment benefits in other EU countries 65,000 from other counties claiming in GB In each case, roughly 2.5% of immigrants either way