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The Age of Things: Sticks, Stones and the Universe. Molecular Dating and the Many Kinds of Mammals. http://cfcp.uchicago.edu/~mmhedman/compton1.html. Proconsul. WARNING! Astrophysicist talking about Mammalian Phylogeny!. Non-Placental Mammals. Marsupials. Monotremes. Rodentia.
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The Age of Things:Sticks, Stones and the Universe Molecular Dating and the Many Kinds of Mammals http://cfcp.uchicago.edu/~mmhedman/compton1.html
WARNING! Astrophysicist talking about Mammalian Phylogeny!
Non-Placental Mammals Marsupials Monotremes
Hyracoidea Sirenia Proboscidea Dermoptera Tubilentata Pholidota
Insectivora Scandentia Macroscelidea
Relationships between the orders derived from morphological characteristics
Molecular Data Sloth TGCCAAATTAGTTCCGTCATGAGAATGGACTACATGGTCTACTTCAGTTT Hedgehog TGCCAATTCCGTTCTGTTGTGAGAATGGACTACATGGTGTTCTTCAGCTT Sirenian TGCCAATTCCGTTCCGTTATGAAGATGGACTACATGGTCTACTTCAGCTT Elephant TGCCAATTCCGTTCCGTTATGAGGATGGACTACATGGTCTACTTCAGCTT Aardvark TGCCAATTCCGTTCCGTTATGAGGATGGACTACATGGTCTACTTCAGCTT Mouse TGCCACTTCCGTTCCGTGGTCAGTTTGGATTACATGGTCTTCTTCAGCTT Rabbit TGCAAATTCGATTCTGTTATACCCATGGAATACATGGTCTTCTTTAGCTT Human TGCCAATTTGTTTCCGTCATGAGAATGGTCTACATGGTATACTTCAGCTT Flying Fox TGCCAATTCCGTTCTGTCATAAAGATGGACTACATGGTCTATTTCAGCTT Whale TGCCAATTCCGTTCCGTCATGAGGATGGACTACATGGTCTACTTCAGCTT Pig TGCCAGTTCCGTCATGAGGATGGACTGGACTACATGGTCTACTTCAGCTT Horse TGCCAATTCCGTTCTGTTGTGAGCATGGACTACATGGTCTACTTCAGCTT Cat TGCCAGTTCCGTTCTGTCATGACGATGGACTACATGGTCTACTTCAGCTT
Chimp Gorilla Orangutan Human 1.24% 1.62% 3.08% Chimp 1.63% 3.12% Gorilla 3.09% Human Chimp Gorilla Orangutan
W X Y Z Time 2 10 Mutations 10 Mutations 30 Mutations 30 Mutations Time 1 5 Mutations 5 Mutations Time 0
X Y Z W 40 50 70 X 30 50 Y 40 W X Y Z Time 2 10 Mutations 10 Mutations 30 Mutations 30 Mutations Time 1 5 Mutations 5 Mutations Time 0
X Y Z W 40 50 70 X 30 50 Y 40 W X Y Z Time 2 10 Mutations 10 Mutations 30 Mutations 30 Mutations Time 1 5 Mutations 5 Mutations Time 0
X Y Z W 40 50 70 X 30 50 Y 40 W X Y Z Time 2 10 Mutations 10 Mutations 30 Mutations 30 Mutations Time 1 5 Mutations 5 Mutations Time 0
X Y Z W 40 50 70 X 30 50 Y 40 W X Y Z Time 2 10 Mutations 10 Mutations 30 Mutations 30 Mutations Time 1 5 Mutations 5 Mutations Time 0
X Y Z W 40 50 70 X 30 50 Y 40 W X Y Z Time 2 10 Mutations 10 Mutations 30 Mutations 30 Mutations Accumulates More Mutations Time 1 5 Mutations 5 Mutations Time 0
X Y Z W 40 50 70 X 30 50 Y 40 W X Y Z Time 2 10 Mutations 10 Mutations 30 Mutations 30 Mutations Time 1 Accumulates More Mutations 5 Mutations 5 Mutations Time 0
X Y Z W 40 50 70 X 30 50 Y 40 W X Y Z Time 2 10 Mutations 10 Mutations 30 Mutations 30 Mutations Time 1 5 Mutations 5 Mutations Time 0
Tree Based on Morphological Characters Tree Based on Molecular Characters
Afrotheria Xenartha Euarchonotoglires Laurasiatheria
Proconsul Sivapithecus Calibrating the molecular clock Human Chimp Gorilla Orangutan 1% 5 Millions of years ago 10 2% Sivapithecus 3% 15 Proconsul
X Y Z W 40 50 70 X 30 50 Y 40 W X Y Z Time 2 10 Mutations 10 Mutations 30 Mutations 30 Mutations Time 1 5 Mutations 5 Mutations Time 0
X Y Z W 40 50 70 X 30 50 Y 40 W X Y Z Time 2 10 Mutations 10 Mutations 30 Mutations 30 Mutations Time 1 5 Mutations 5 Mutations Time 0
A simpler problem: Flipping Coins Probability of getting five heads, given the number of Coin Flips
A simpler problem: Flipping Coins Probability of getting five heads, given the number of Coin Flips Assumed Probability of each number of Coin Flips
A simpler problem: Flipping Coins Probability of getting five heads, given the number of Coin Flips Assumed Probability of each number of Coin Flips Likelihood the coin was flipped a given number of times
120 Million Years Ago Eutherians
105 Million Years Ago Afrotheria Eutherians Xenarthra and others
90 Million Years Ago Euarchontoglires Laurasiatheria ? Afrotheria Xenarthra
Next Time Meteorites and the Age of the Solar System