WARM UP – GRAB A BOOK

1. WARM UP – GRAB A BOOK • Open to Page 646…”Synthesizing Information” • Complete “Skills Assessment” Questions • A space is provided for you on the SECOND PAGE of the work in front of you

2. Japan Modernizes Join me on Page 644 Chapter 26 section 1 EQs: How does discontent in Japanese society lead to change? What was the Meiji Restoration? How did Japan strengthen?

3. Decline in 19th Century Japan • #1 – Shoguns had become weak leaders…many stuck to traditional Japanese patterns…others became corrupt and greedy, trading with Europeans • Many daimyo were now poor, their wealth was in their land BUT now the economy had become based on money • Merchants were tired of being at the bottom, seeing as how they were richer than daimyo AND even some shoguns…PLUS they were tired of the isolation policy of the shogunate

4. Foreign PRESSURE • In 1853, a fleet of American ships under the command of Commodore Matthew Perry sailed into Tokyo harbor…the goal, force Japan open for world trade • In 1854, Japan was forced to sign the Treaty of Kanagawa, which really only opened up 2 ports for US military to use…BUT trade eventually started and other European countries demanded access • #2 - The effect of foreign pressure deepened discontent in the government leading to a revolt that removed the shogun from power for good and moved Japan’s capital from Kyoto to Tokyo.

5. The Meiji Restoration • In 1867, a 15 year old emperor regained control of Japan…with the support of Japanese elite (and foreigners), he began the Meiji (Enlightened Rule) Restoration • #3 – The goal was simple, “A rich country, a strong military”…this was to be done by adopting western ways • #4 – Meiji established a German style government, with an autocratic emperor (still was the supreme ruler), a 2 house Diet (parliament) that oversaw law and trade and gave men universal voting rights…the samurai were eventually abolished (caused revolt) • #5 – The economy was priority for that government…railways were built, banks were established, ports expanded, postal systems created…individual business families called zaibatsu emerged (like Rockefeller or Hearst or Vanderbilt in the US)

6. To Build an Empire • One of the first elements that encouraged Japan to develop and build an empire was its culture…Japan was a homogeneous society, meaning everyone was of the same ethnicity, language and even religious background • #6 – This strong sense of identity created a form of Japanese nationalism, which in turn developed into a spiritual notion to compete with the West…to do so, Japan built a strong military and began to conquer other nations • Another reason Japan expanded, the need for natural resources • Korea became an early target for Japanese imperialism, being forced open by Japan in 1876…in 1910, Japan annexed Korea • #7 - Japanese occupation imposed harsh rule and set out to erase the Korean cultural identity…this repression brought resentment • Another target was China in 1894, Japan invaded and captured territory…then, Japan fought Russia for control of Manchuria from 1904-1905

7. For the remainder of time/homework… • Finish vocab items, puzzle and reading quiz…don’t forget the warm up (Pg. 646) • Next Week: The Last Samurai • Essay Assignment to be discussed