1 / 18

Case Study 1

Case Study 1.

bairn
Download Presentation

Case Study 1

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Case Study 1 A 53-year-old white male presents for annual visit. Although he quit 10 years ago he is a previous cigarette smoker with a 20 pack-year history. During the past 12 months, he has had 3 episodes of bronchitis. His history of tobacco use and recent episodes of acute bronchitis lead you to perform spirometry.

  2. Capacities Volume Pulmonary spirometry. Lung volumes in Liters 6 TLC IC VC 5 IRV 4 3 Lung Volume TV 2 ERV FRC 1 RV 0

  3. 7 FVC 5 6 FEV 1 4 IC 4 80% or 0.8 FEV1 5 FEV1 5 FVC FVC 4 Lung volume (liter) 3 2 1 0 1 second

  4. 7 6 IC FEV1 FVC 5 4 Lung volume (liter) 3 2 1 0 1 second

  5. 7 6 FVC 5 4 IC Lung volume (liter) 3 FEV1 2 1 0 1 second

  6. 7 6 IC 5 FEV1 FVC 4 Lung volume (liter) 3 2 1 0 1 second

  7. Normal OLD RLD 7 7 7 6 6 6 IC FEV1 IC FVC FVC 86% 80% 50% FEV1 FEV1 FEV1 5 5 5 FEV1 FVC FVC FVC FVC 4 4 4 IC Lung volume (liter) Lung volume (liter) Lung volume (liter) 3 3 3 FEV1 2 2 2 FVC 5 FVC 4 FVC 4 1 1 1 FEV 1 4 FEV 1 3.5 FEV 1 2 0 0 0 1 second 1 second 1 second

  8. FEV 1 FVC RV FRC TLC FEV1 FVC Obstructive Lung Disease Restrictive Lung Disease

  9. Expiration RV TLV 0 Lung Volume (liters) Inspiration

  10. E A D Expiration FLOW Inspiration B C TLC RV VOLUME

  11. Forced expiratory flow –Volume loop Expiratory Flow Rate (liters/sec) Normal Obstructive Restrictive 1 6 5 3 2 4 Lung Volume (liters)

  12. Relaxation pressure-volume curve of the lung, chest wall, and respiratory system TLC 6 Chest Wall Chest wall and lung (Respiratory system) 4 Vital capacity (L) VT FRC 2 Lung 0 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 Pressure (cm H2O)

  13. Case 2 A 24-year-old pregnant woman presented to the hospital in preterm labor and subsequently delivered a premature infant at only 27 weeks gestation (normal term pregnancy is 37-42 weeks). After the delivery, the infant cried, but it subsequently began to grunt and showed signs of hypoxia despite oxygen supplementation. The baby immediately was intubated by endotracheal tube and given surfactant down the endotracheal tube. The baby’s hypoxia resolved, and he was transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit for further stabilization.

  14. What is the role of surfactant in the lung? Reduces surface tension.

  15. Where is the major site of airway resistance? Medium-sized bronchi.

  16. How does stimulation of the parasympathetic system affect airway resistance? • Increased airway resistance because of smooth muscle constriction in bronchi.

More Related