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Arkansas Obesity Scientific Symposium UAMS Jackson T Stephens Spine Institute

Challenges in Nutrigenomics: Combating Obesity, Cancer & Alzheimer’s with Bioactives & Nutraceuticals. Arkansas Obesity Scientific Symposium UAMS Jackson T Stephens Spine Institute Little Rock, Arkansas. December 11, 2013. Navam Hettiarachchy , PhD University Professor

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Arkansas Obesity Scientific Symposium UAMS Jackson T Stephens Spine Institute

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  1. Challenges in Nutrigenomics: Combating Obesity, Cancer & Alzheimer’s with Bioactives & Nutraceuticals Arkansas Obesity Scientific Symposium UAMS Jackson T Stephens Spine Institute Little Rock, Arkansas December 11, 2013 NavamHettiarachchy, PhD University Professor Food Science, University of Arkansas MahendranMahadevan, PhD University of Arkansas for Medical Science 1

  2. Ultrafiltration Processing of Pure Pentapeptide from Rice Bran Rice bran Protein and peptide hydrolysate Gastrointestinal juices resistant peptides Fractionation of peptide hydrolysates Multiple site anti-cancer evaluation Characterization Purification Pentapeptide 2 Glu-Gln-Arg-Pro-Arg (EQRPR)

  3. Inhibition of cancer cell proliferation by the pentapeptide Values are means trials ± SE. Values not connected by same letters are significantly different (P<0.05), Negative: saline; Positve: Genistein (400 µg/ml) . MTS - (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium Pure peptide (pentapeptide) showed max inhibition from 800 µg/ml of ~80%, ~80%, ~80% and ~65% on colon, breast, liver and lung cancer cells respectively 3

  4. Nutrigenomics in Cancer Food, food constituents & our approach Cancer related gene expression • Rice bran pentapeptide [Glu-Gln-Arg-Pro-Arg (EQRPR)] • Up-regulate: • p53 (a tumor suppressor) • TNF-α (members of the death domain receptor family) • Fas (members of the death domain receptor family) • Bax (pro-apoptotic protein) • Down-regulate: • COX-2 • Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic protein) 4

  5. Nutrigenomics in Obesity Food, food constituents & our approach obesity related gene expression • Anti-obesity Mechanism • adipogenesis(Caspase-dependent pathway) • adipose cell apoptosis (death) (Caspase-dependent pathway) • < 5 kDa fractions from rice bran • showed 60% cells proliferated, signifying differentiation-inducing • characteristics • Genes involved in obesity • PPARG(Proliferator-activated receptor-γ)(down-regulate) • CEBPB(enhancer binding protein-α) (down-regulate) • IGF1 (Insulin-like growth factor) (up-regulate) • CASP (cysteine-aspartic proteases) (up-regulate) ? Pentapeptide 5

  6. Nutrigenomics in Alzheimer’s Disease • pentapeptide [Glu-Gln-Arg-Pro-Arg (EQRPR)] block production of Aβ peptide • Nearly 45% reducion in cell cytotoxicity on amyloid-induced neuronal cells • Genes involved in Alzheimer’s Disease • APP (gene for amyloid precursor protein) (down-regulate) • BACE1 (Gene for β-secretase)(down-regulate) • PSEN1 (gene for presenilins 1)(down-regulate) • PSEN2 (gene for presenilins 2)(down-regulate) ? Pentapeptide 6

  7. Strategy to reduce obesity via innovative food products (Nutraceuticals) • Healthier foods: • whole grains, fruits and vegetables • healthy fats and protein sources • Limiting unhealthy foods: • Refined grains and sweets, • potatoes, red meat • processed meat • beverages (sugary drinks) 7

  8. Example: Nutraceutical Product to reduce obesity “i-Chips” (Snack) Danisco®Knowledge Award, 2010 First prize - $10,000 A low calorie, gluten free, sugar-free, low sodium, high dietary fiber and zero trans fats, baked (not fried), corn and potato-free Developed using Buckwheat, Chenoa, Amaranth and Sun-dried tomatoes Calories: 70 in a 28 g serving size 8

  9. Example: Nutraceutical Product to reduce obesity • Developing Greek-style soybean yogurt • Low calories, Low fat, No sugar added • Made with soy milk • Probiotic cultures: • Lactobacillus acidophilus • Streptococcus Thermophilus • Lactobacillus bulgaricus 10

  10. Example: Nutraceutical Product to reduce obesity • Made with Edamame, spinach, and soy milk Claims: Low Calories, low fat, low sugar, no trans-fat, no cholesterol, gluten free, high fiber, high protein, good source of iron, lactose free Edamame frozen dessert (95 Calories/serving size: 100 g) 9

  11. Summary • Value Addition to industry co-product • Potential of Bioactive (s) in nutrigenomics in Obesity, • Cancer, Alzheimer’s Disease Prevention? • Moving forward in producing innovative healthy and wellness foods Glu-Gln-Arg-Pro-Arg (EQRPR) 11

  12. Thank you Questions? 12

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