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Tracking Kenya's Progress towards Universal Health Coverage

Learn about Kenya's journey towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC), examining service coverage, financial risk protection, and equity. Discover indicators, results, and recommendations for improved healthcare access and affordability.

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Tracking Kenya's Progress towards Universal Health Coverage

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  1. Measuring Kenya’s Progress towards achieving Universal Health Coverage EdwineBarasa, Peter Nguhiu, Di McIntyre 10th Mar 2019

  2. UHC is a Global Health Priority… UHC - ensure that everyone can use the health services they need without the risk of financial ruin or impoverishment Expand priority services, include more people, and reduce out-of-pocket (OOP) payments

  3. Introduction: Kenya’s health financing system Revenue sources and contribution mechanisms Pooling arrangements Purchasing arrangements

  4. Kenya has committed to achieving UHC by 2022

  5. The need to measure and track progress over time… Two Dimensions 1) Service coverage • Those that actually receive the healthcare services that they need and of good quality/ Those that need healthcare services 2) Financial risk protection • Incidence of catastrophic healthcare spending • Impoverishing effects of Out Of Pocket (OOP) spending Equity

  6. Study Objectives • To develop a summary measure for UHC for Kenya and track progress over three time points (2003, 2008, and 2014) Integrate the ideas put forward by the WHO and World Bank framework for monitoring UHC (Boerma, Evans, et al., 2014), and the proposals by Wagstaff and colleagues (2015) on how to operationalize this framework

  7. Methods Indicator selection Relevance|Quality |Availability of data • Three rounds of the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey data (KDHS) (2004, 2008, 2014) to analyse service coverage indicators • Three rounds of the Kenya household expenditure and utilization survey (KHHEUS) (2003, 2007, 2013) to analyse financial risk protection Boerma 2014: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001728

  8. Results

  9. Results

  10. Results

  11. Discussion • Increase in service coverage, but remains generally low • Significant inequalities in service coverage • The incidence of catastrophic healthcare expenditure reduced over time, BUT it continued to disproportionately burden the poor • Impoverishment increased over the same period • UHC index low… • Increasing access to services, without improvements in coverage of pre-payment health financing has the unintended effect of increasing population exposure to financial risk • This underscores the need for countries to prioritize both dimensions of UHC: service coverage and financial risk protection

  12. Recommendations • Increase public financing of the health sector| currently 2.28% of GDP vs at least 5% recommended by McIntyre et al (2017) • Scale up prepayment financing while reducing reliance on OOP| re-orient health financing strategy away from a focus on contributory health insurance, and instead use a tax funding mechanism • Move away from passive purchasing, and adopt strategic purchasing of healthcare services: • A systematic process for the development and updating of a harmonized benefit package that Kenyans are entitled to (July 2018) • The country should prioritize and invest in the delivery of services though primary healthcare facilities and community health systems

  13. THANK YOU @HERU_KEMRI_WT

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