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Sample Question

Sample Question. Which of the following was an important reason for the fall of the Roman, Han, and Gupta empires? ( A) A long period of drought that destroyed crops and livestock (B) The use of slaves in their armies (C) Intensified invasions and security issues along

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Sample Question

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  1. Sample Question • Which of the following was an important reason for the fall of the Roman, Han, and Gupta empires? (A) A long period of drought that destroyed crops and livestock • (B) The use of slaves in their armies • (C) Intensified invasions and security issues along their • frontiers • (D) A refusal to tolerate Christianity

  2. Sample Question

  3. Period I (600 bce – 600 ce) Older religions “codified” (written down) • Hinduism: • The Rig Veda • The Upanishads • Judaism • Old Testament • Ten Commandments

  4. Period I (600 bce – 600 ce) Growth of New Religions • Buddhism • In India, ~530 bce • MauryanEmperor Asoka encouraged • Trade routes • Into China, Japan • Into SE Asia

  5. Beliefs Systems • Confucianism • In China, ~500 bce • By Kong Fuzi, philosophical beliefs • The Analects promoted: • education • service to country • filial piety • justice

  6. Beliefs Systems • Christianity • In Middle East, ~0 ce • By Jesus • New Testament • Eternal salvation • Similarities to Buddhism • Kindness to others • Peaceful coexistence

  7. Artistic Expression • Literature & Drama • Greek plays • Indian epics • Architecture • Distinctive styles • Rome, India, China, Mesoamerica

  8. States & Empires • SW Asia: The Persian Empires • Achaemenid, Parthian, Sassanid • E. Asia: Qin & Han • S. Asia: Mauryan & Gupta • Mediterranean: Pheonicians, Greek city-states, Hellenistic & Roman Empires • Mesoamerica: Teotihuacan & Maya city-states • Andean So. America: Moche

  9. Administrative Institutions • Central governments • Elaborate legal systems • Complex bureaucracies • Examples: • Persia • China • Rome • India

  10. Military Power Governments funded military power • Techniques included: • Diplomacy • Developing supply lines • Building defensive walls • Recruiting personnel from conquered lands

  11. State & Empires Success of empires • Depended on: • strength of trade • building of roads/infrastructure • use of currency • unifying weights & measures

  12. Classical Age600 bce – 600 ce Cities as empirical trade centers Persopolis Chang’an Pataliputra Athens Carthage Rome Alexandria Constantinople Teotihuacan

  13. Classical Age • Class hierarchies • Patriarchy grows and becomes firmly entrenched • Trans-regional networks of trade and communication

  14. Trade Routes • Development of Silk Road • Development of Indian Ocean Basin Trade (IOBT)

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