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Symbols Formulas Equations

Symbols Formulas Equations. Chemistry Letters & Words. International “chemical language” was needed to represent atoms, elements, and compounds. Chemical symbols are the letters in chemical sentences C = Carbon Ca = Calcium S = Sulfur Se = Selenium

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Symbols Formulas Equations

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  1. Symbols Formulas Equations

  2. Chemistry Letters & Words • International “chemical language” was needed to represent atoms, elements, and compounds. • Chemical symbols are the letters in chemical sentences • C = Carbon Ca = Calcium S = Sulfur Se = Selenium • All known elements are organized into the periodic table of the elements. • The chemical formulas or letters come together to form chemcial formulas. • H20 = water NaCl = Table Salt C3H8 = Propane • Subscript: a number written below the normal line of letters which indicates how many atoms of the element just to the left there are.

  3. Chemistry Sentences • If chemical formulas are the words in the language of chemistry, then chemical equations are the chemical sentences. • Each sentence summarizes the details of a particular chemical reaction. • Chemical reactions entail the breaking and forming of chemical bonds, causing atoms to be rearranged into new substances.

  4. Products vs. Reactants • Reactants: the original starting substances in a chemical reaction. Left Side! • Products: the new substance or substances are formed from the rearrangement of the reactants. Right Side! 2 O2 2 H2 H2O

  5. Balancing Equations • Lets Atom Inventory this chemical equation: N2 + H2  NH3 Where do we need to insert some numbers to make sure there are an even amount on the products and reactants side? Remember we cant touch the suscript numbers! 3 2

  6. Diatomic Molecules • Most uncombined elements in chemical equations are represented as single atoms. • Cu………Ag…………Na……….K………….W • A handful of elements are diatomic molecules. They exist as two bonded atoms of the same element. • GEN-U-INE Diatomics serves as a good memory device for all common diatomic molecules. • The names of all diatomic elements ending in GEN or INE are diatomic molecules. • Hydrogen  H2 Chlorine  Cl2 • Fluorine  F2 Nitrogen  N2

  7. Electrical Nature of Matter • How do the atoms in molecules stick together to form bonds? • Static cling and dryer sheets • Shocked when walking across carpet or rug • Balloons rubbed together • Positve + Positve = repel • Negative + Negative = repel • Postive + Negative = attract • What are these positives and negatives called? • Protons – Positvely charged in the nucleus • Neutrons-Neutral charged in the nucleus • Electrons- Negatively charged around the nucleus

  8. Independent Work • Work on Day Sheet # 22 which will re-enforce balancing equations or taking atom inventory. • It will also help with finding elements and naming

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