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Obesity & Supplements The Fight Against Body Fat

Obesity & Supplements The Fight Against Body Fat. - Michael Dellogono -. A Growing Epidemic. What is “Obese”? BMI > 30 33% of America is obese. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 2010 (*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person).

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Obesity & Supplements The Fight Against Body Fat

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  1. Obesity & SupplementsThe Fight Against Body Fat • - Michael Dellogono -

  2. A Growing Epidemic • What is “Obese”? • BMI > 30 • 33% of America is obese

  3. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2010(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person) No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30%

  4. GrowthMidsection to Wallet • Obesity Related Disease • Leading cause of death • Medial Cost • 2008 = $147 Billion!

  5. Industry Growth • 2006 - $22.5 Billion • 2009 - $26.9 Billion Dietary Supplements

  6. SupplementsWeight Loss or Profit ? Safe and Effective? - Massive weight loss claims - “Ripped” models - “Clinically Researched” The Asterisk *

  7. Top Ingredients • Green Tea • Caffeine • Guarna • Phenylethylamine • Guggulsterones

  8. Green Tea • One of worlds most commonly consumed beverages • Claims • Boosts immune system • Cancer fighting • Reduced Cardiovascular mortality (JAMA) • Improved Cognition

  9. Weight Loss • Green Tea vs Placebo • 24hrs - Respiratory Chamber • 50mg Caffeine • 90mg Green Tea • Green Tea : -8.2lbs/year! 1 kilocalorie (kcal) = 4.184 kilojoules (kJ) Abdul G Dulloo,Am J Clin Nutr 1999;70:1040–5

  10. What’s Burning? • Placebo - Fat: 31.6% , CHO: 55.1% • Green Tea - Fat 41.5%, CHO: 45.2%

  11. Habitual Intake Habitual tea consumption = 434mL/d - 19.6% reduction in body fat - 2.1% reduction in waist to hip ratio

  12. Mechanism

  13. Caffeine 12% Elevation in metabolic rate is seen with caffeine 4mg/kg caffeine

  14. Increased Fat Utilization • FFA levels increased with caffeine supplementation ACHESON et alThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 33: MAY 1980, pp. 989-997. Printed in U.S

  15. Guarana • Native Plant of Amazon Basin • Primarily used as stimulant • Commonly found in energy drinks

  16. Guarana - Habitual intake • Disease Impact • Decreased hypertension • Obesity • Metabolic Syndrome • 2.5-5% Caffeine: Coffee bean 1-2%

  17. Guarana & Cognition • Cognitive Drug Research assessment • 75mg Guarana • Speed of Attention • Speed of memory • Secondary memory factor D.O. Kennedy et al. / Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior 79 (2004) 401–411

  18. Guarna for Weight Loss • Increased time to fatigue in mice - caffeine? • Associated with lower prevalence of disease • Hypertension, metabolic disease, obesity • More data needed as weight loss supplement

  19. Phenylethylamine • Monoamine Neurotransmitter • Resembles amphetamine • Potentiates neuronal response • High amounts in chocolate

  20. Phenylethylamine • Low levels with depression • Modulates release of NE and dopamine • weight control? • Increased with aerobic exercise • “Runners High”

  21. Guggulsterone • Traditional medicine most common in India • Used for arthritis, inflammation, obesity, lipid metabolism

  22. Gugglesterone • HDL decreased - LDL increased! NO CHANGE IN WEIGHT! Philippe O. Szapary, MD, Guggulipid for the Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia A Randomized Controlled Trial, JAMA, August 13, 2003—Vol 290, No. 6

  23. Current Research! • April issue of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism • Is there evidence?

  24. 4 Categories • Absorption Blockers: CHO and Fat • Stimulants: Increased Metabolism • Nutrient Partitioning • Appetite Suppressants

  25. Absorption Blockers

  26. Stimulants: Increased Metabolism

  27. Nutrient Partitioning

  28. Appetite Suppressants

  29. Article Conclusion • “Currently, there is no strong body of research evidence indicating that one specific supplement will produce significant weight loss (~2–4 kg), especially in the long term. A number of supplements such as green tea, fiber, and low-fat dairy products may complement a healthy lifestyle to prevent weight gain over time.” • Manore, Melinda. "Dietary Supplements for Improving Body Composition and Reducing Body Weight: Where Is the Evidence?"International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 22. (2012): 139-154. Print.

  30. Take Home Message • Their is no magic pill! • Supplements are just that • They supplement good diet and exercise • Question big claims! • Most supplements need more research! • Understand what you are taking! • More is not necessarily better!

  31. Supplement Industry • More research needed! • Novel ideas needed! • Effectiveness over profit!

  32. QUESTIONS

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