100 likes | 243 Views
Chapter 5 . How pathogens enter the body , how our bodies fight infection, blood- borne pathogens, parasites, & immunity. How pathogens enter the body. Break in the skin Cut, pimple, or scratch Mouth Breathing or swallowing air, water, or food Nose Air Eyes or ears Dirt Unprotected sex.
E N D
Chapter 5 How pathogens enter the body , how our bodies fight infection, blood- borne pathogens, parasites, & immunity
How pathogens enter the body • Break in the skin • Cut, pimple, or scratch • Mouth • Breathing or swallowing air, water, or food • Nose • Air • Eyes or ears • Dirt • Unprotected sex
How our body fights infection • Through unbroken skin • Body secretions such as perspiration and digestive juices • White blood cells • Antitoxins Remember: infections can be prevented & controlled through personal hygiene and public sanitation
Blood-borne pathogens • These are disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through the body in the blood or body fluids • Passed through contaminated implements • We must take extra precautions for disinfecting implements anytime there is the presence of blood
Parasites • Parasites • Vegetable or animal organisms that live in or on other living organism • Head & body lice • Vegetable parasites or Fungi • Produce contagious diseases • Ringworm or favus • Disease of the scalp • Can cause lifting of the finger or toenails
Parasites • Animal parasites • Responsible for contagious diseases • Carried by a mosquito • Malaria • West Nile • Insects • Carry diseases from one person to another • Called disease vectors
Parasites • Itch mite • Burrows under skin • Scabies • Head lice • pediculosis Reminder: contagious diseases caused by parasites are never treated in a cosmetology school or salon. They should be referred to a physician
Immunity • The ability to fight off or resist infections & disease & to destroy bacteria that have entered the body • Natural immunity • An inborn ability to resist certain diseases • Partly inherited & partly developed through hygienic living • And such factors as frequent exercise & wholesome diet
Immunity • Acquired immunity • Developed after the body has overcome a disease or through inoculation • Disease or inoculation causes the blood cells to produce antibodies which are proteins that fight disease germs • May be temporary or permanent • Human disease carrier • One who is personally immune to a disease but can transmit germs to others • Typhoid fever & diphtheria can be transmitted this way
Summary • We have learned how germs enter our body and how to help prevent germs through personal hygiene and public sanitation • Parasites are vegetable or animal • Immunity is the ability to fight off or resist infections & disease