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고분자 분리막 및 자성이온교환수지

고분자 환경 소재. 고분자 분리막 및 자성이온교환수지. 정범석 고분자하이브리드연구센터 한국과학기술연구원. 고분자 분리막. 고분자 분리막 (membrane) 기술 이란 ? 기공 및 물리 , 화학 , 생물학적 특성을 이용해 혼합물로부터 특정 성분을 분리 , 농축 , 재이용하는 고분자 물질을 재료로 한 filter 로써 , 환경 / 공업 분야 등 광범위한 영역에서 적용되고 있는 기술. 수처리막의 기능과 이용분야. 분리막의 친수화 와 fouling. 분리막 친수화 처리기술.

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고분자 분리막 및 자성이온교환수지

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  1. 고분자 환경 소재 고분자 분리막 및 자성이온교환수지 정범석 고분자하이브리드연구센터 한국과학기술연구원

  2. 고분자 분리막 고분자 분리막 (membrane)기술 이란? 기공 및 물리, 화학, 생물학적 특성을 이용해 혼합물로부터 특정 성분을 분리, 농축, 재이용하는 고분자 물질을 재료로 한 filter로써, 환경/공업 분야 등 광범위한 영역에서 적용되고 있는 기술.

  3. 수처리막의 기능과 이용분야

  4. 분리막의 친수화 와 fouling

  5. 분리막 친수화 처리기술 (예) 소수성 PE막에 친수성 화학종 도입과정 분리막 표면처리 기법 • Chemical modification • Surface polymerization • Polymer coating 대표적 수처리용 분리막 소재 • polyolefin 계열 : PE, PP • polyether 계열: PSf, PES • polyacryl 계열: PAN 친수성 고분자를 이용한 분리막 개발

  6. 분리막 소재용 고분자

  7. Symmetric dense porous Asymmetric porous porous with skin macrovoid macrovoid with skin Classification of Polymeric Membranes

  8. Method for Polymeric Membrane Preparation • TIPS (Thermally Induced Phase Separation); Change in casting solution temperature. • Air-Casting and Evaporation; Evaporation of the volatile solvent in casting solution. • NIPS (Nonsolvent Induced Phase Separation); Change in composition by the addition of nonsolvent. Exposure to vapor or immersion in nonsolvent bath.

  9. Phase separation by immersion precipitation Polymer + solvent(s) Nonsolvent (bath) • Typical morphology of asymmetric membranes skin sublayer finger-like sponge-like Asymmetric membrane formation

  10. Phase separation and membrane formation • Phase inversion method (immersion precipitation method) • immersion of polymer solution into a coagulation medium • exchange of solvent with nonsolvent • phase separation occurs NS Polymer P + S binodal line composition path NS NS Solvent Nonsolvent P + S S

  11. Hollow Fiber Fabrication Process : bore liquid polymer solution bore liquid spinning nozzle polymer solution

  12. Flat Sheet Fabrication Process : polymer solution knife porous support fabric

  13. Membrane morphology Thermodynamic parameters • Choice of solvent/nonsolvent pairs • Polymer concentration • Composition and temperature of gelation medium • Composition and temperature of polymer solution Kinetic parameters • Exchange rate of solvent/non-solvent pairs • Diffusion of polymer • Coalescence of phase-separated domains

  14. Membrane Morphology ; Solvent effect (a) PI/DMSO 15wt% (b) PI/NMP 15wt%

  15. Solution Viscosity A

  16. Phase Diagram

  17. Membrane Morphology; temperature effect (a) (b) (c) (a) PI/NMP 19 wt% (b) PI/DMSO 15 wt% at 45OC solution (c) PI/DMSO 15 wt% at 30OC bath

  18. Membrane Morphology ; cosolvent effect GBL/NMP: 100/0 80/20 60/40 40/60 20/80 0/100 • Sponge-like  finger-like as NMP content increases • Heat of mixing effect is clear g-butyrolactone (GBL) 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP)

  19. 10/1 10/2 10/3 Membrane Morphology ; coagulation bath Ratio ofwater/NMP is given by Vol/Vol. 10/4

  20. Membrane Morphology: polymeric additives PVP concentration: 5 wt%. 10k 40 k 360 k

  21. Membrane Morphology ; additive effect • PI: 15 wt%, PVP 40k, solvent: NMP (high affinity with water) macrovoid suppression • PI: 15 wt%, PVP 40k, solvent: GBL (low affinity with water) macrovoid promotion PVP: 0% 1%3%5%8%

  22. Membrane Morphology ; Inorganic addives 5 wt% LiCl 5 wt% CaCl2 5 wt% MgCl2 1 wt% LiCl Nonsolvent: water/MeOH (2/1). 5 wt% LiCl 3 wt% LiCl

  23. Observation of phase separation • Optical microscope • Recording to animation file • Plotting depth vs. time ※ An optical microscope snapshot of the progress of phase-separation 3 sec 7 sec 11 sec 18 sec

  24. Phase separation rate • Diffusion process • Decrease as GBL content increase • (effect of heat of mixing)

  25. Solvent diffuse-out rate • Observation of solvent diffuse-out - NMR spectroscopy - Advantage in mixed-solvent system - Measurement in different immersion time - Plotting calculated value vs. time

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