EOC Recaps

1. EOC Recaps Cells

2. Plant vs. Animal Cell

3. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

4. Organelles • Endoplasmic Reticulum – carries materials through cell • Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum – aids in making proteins • Golgi Apparatus – packages and ships materials from cell • Mitochondria – powerhouse of cell (ATP factory) • Ribosomes – manufactures proteins • Microtubules and Microfilaments – strengthens and maintains shape of cell and moves materials around cell • Lysosomes – breaks down materials (w/ digestive juices) • Centrioles – makes spindle fibers for mitosis in animal cells • Cell Membrane – controls movement in and out of cell

5. Motility • Motility = movement • Flagella – long, whip-like structure • Cillia – many short, hair-like structures • Pseudopodia – extension of cell membrane and cytoplasm

6. Movement of Materials Across the Cell Membrane • Passive transport – movement of materials from high to low concentration • Osmosis – movement of water from high to low concentration • Facilitated transport – movement of materials from high to low concentration with the aid of a transport protein • Active transport – movement of materials from low to high concentration using a transport protein

7. Cell Membrane and Homeostasis • Cell Membrane components • Phospholipidbilayer • Integral Proteins • Peripheral Proteins • Carbohydrate chains • Set up in mosaic pattern • Homeostasis – Cell membrane helps control movement of materials to keep the cell at equilibrium

8. Aerobic Respiration • Reactants – Glucose and Oxygen • Products – Water, Carbon Dioxide, and ATP • In Cytoplasm: • Glycolysis – Net of 2 ATP • In Mitochondria • Kreb’s Cycle – 2 ATP • Electron Transport Chain – 32 ATP

9. Anaerobic Respiration • Manufacturing ATP without oxygen • Types: • Alcoholic Fermentation • Lactic Acid Fermentation • Processes happen in the cytoplasm • Much less ATP made than with aerobic respiration

10. Mitosis