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Balancing Chemical Equations

Balancing Chemical Equations. Chemical Equations. A chemical reaction is a process in which at least one new substance is produced as a result of a chemical change.

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Balancing Chemical Equations

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  1. Balancing Chemical Equations

  2. Chemical Equations • A chemical reaction is a process in which at least one new substance is produced as a result of a chemical change. • It is usually easy to see that a chemical reaction has occurred: color change, emission of heat/cold, gas evaporation, and solid formation.

  3. Law of Conservation of Mass • Mass is neither created nor destroyed in any chemical reaction • The sum of the masses of the reactants is always the same as the sum of the products CH4 + 2O2CO2 + 2H2O COEFFICIENT

  4. Balancing Chemical Equations NaOH + HClNaCl + H2O When balancing a chemical equation the quantity and types of elements in the reactantshas to be equal to the quantity and types of elements in the products.

  5. NaOH + HClNaCl + H2O Step 1. Break the reactants and products down into the type of elements.Na NaO OH HClCl

  6. NaOH + HClNaCl + H2O Step 2. Place the quantity of each element in the reactants and products.Na:1 Na:1O:1 O:1H:2 H:2Cl:1 Cl:1

  7. NaOH+ HClNaCl + H2O Step 3. If the quantity of each element in the reactants and products is not equal, multiply each side of the equation by a number that makes them equal. Place the number in front of the compound that contains that element that you want to balance. This will cause the other elements in the compound to increase also. Na:1 Na:1O:1 O:1H:2 H:2Cl:1 Cl:1

  8. Fe + O2 Fe2O3 Step 1:Fe FeO O

  9. Fe + O2 Fe2O3 Step 2:Fe: 1 Fe: 2O: 2 O: 3

  10. Fe + 3O22Fe2O3 Step 3:(reactants) (products)Fe: 1 Fe: 2O: 2 x 3 = 6 O: 3 x 2 = 6

  11. Fe + 3O22Fe2O3 Step 3:The increase in O on the product side causes the Fe to increase too and now needs to be increased. (reactants) (products)Fe: 1 Fe 2 x 2 = 4O: 2 x 3= 6 O: 3 x 2 = 6

  12. 4Fe + 3O22Fe2O3 Step 3: Now you need to balance the Fe on the reactant side. (reactants) (products)Fe 1 x 4 = 4 Fe 2 x 2 = 4O 2 x 3 = 6 O 3 x 2 = 6

  13. 4 Fe(s)+ 3O22 Fe2O3 What does this chemical reaction make?

  14. 4 Fe + 3O22 Fe2O3 What does this chemical reaction make? Answer: Rust!

  15. Balancing a chemical equation with a Chemical Group Pb(NO3)2 + KI PbI2 + KNO3

  16. Balancing a chemical equation with a Chemical Group Pb(NO3)2 + KI PbI2 + KNO3NO3is a chemical group on both sides of the chemical equations.

  17. Balancing a chemical equation with a Chemical Group Pb(NO3)2 + KI PbI2+ KNO3 Step 1:Pb: Pb: NO3: NO3 :K: K :I: I:

  18. Balancing a chemical equation with a Chemical Group Pb(NO3)2 + KI PbI2+ KNO3 Step 2:Pb: 1 Pb :1NO3: 2 NO3:1K: 1 K :1 I: 1 I: 2

  19. Balancing a chemical equation with a Chemical Group Pb(NO3)2 + KI PbI2+ 2KNO3 Step 3: Balance the chemical group first. Pb:1 Pb :1NO3: 2 NO3 :1 x 2 =2K: 1 K :1 I: 1 I: 2

  20. Balancing a chemical equation with a Chemical Group Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI PbI2+ 2KNO3 Step 3: Pb: 1 Pb :1NO3: 2 NO3 :1 x 2 = 2K: 1 x 2 = 2 K :1 x 2= 2 I: 1 I: 2

  21. Balancing a chemical equation with a Chemical Group Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI PbI2+ 2KNO3 Step 3: Pb: 1 Pb :1NO3: 2 NO3 :1 x 2 = 2K: 1 x 2 = 2 K :1 x 2= 2 I: 1 X 2 = 2 I: 2

  22. Practice Problems Fe2O3 + C Fe + CO2 KClO3 KCl + O2 C2H6 + O2 CO2 + H2O C4H10 + O2 CO2 + H2O

  23. Balanced Chemical Equations 2Fe2O3 + 3C 4Fe + 3CO2 2KClO3 2KCl + 3O2 2C2H6 + 7O2 4CO2 + 6H2O 2C4H10 + 13O2 8CO2 + 10H2O

  24. Limiting Reagent • Asubstance which determines how much product will be produced from a chemical reaction. This is the reactant that is used up first during a chemical reaction.

  25. Balancing Chemical Equations – Links Start with: CHEMBALANCER. http://funbasedlearning.com/chemistry/chembalancer/default.htm I have provided you with a handout that you can use as you follow along in this site. After you have completed the 12 problems challenge yourself to others found at the following sites. More challenges: • Interactive Tutorial on Balancing Equations: This site will walk you through the process of balancing a single chemical equation. If you get stuck on a step, you can easily click on the answer and move on. http://www.wfu.edu/~ylwong/balanceeq/balanceq.html • Balancing Chemical Equations: This site will start with an explanation of what it is to have a balanced equation. Read through it. It’s very helpful information. It will then walk you through the process of balancing equations using several examples. At the end of this site there are several equations you can work on. The site provides answers to these problems. http://members.aol.com/profchm/balance.html • Balancing Chemical Equations: This site is animated and really helps you step by step through the process of balancing equations. Once again, they offer equations for you to solve. http://richardbowles.tripod.com/chemistry/balance.htm • Balancing Chemical Equations: This site offers 20 equations for you to balance. It has a “hint” button and it provides the answers. http://www.mpcfaculty.net/mark_bishop/balancing_equations_tutorial.htm

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