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The Civil Rights Movement

The Civil Rights Movement. Background: 250 years of slavery Civil War and Reconstruction (13th, 14th and 15th Amendments) Jim Crow segregation “Separate but Equal” ( Plessy v Ferguson) Poll taxes and literacy tests.

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The Civil Rights Movement

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  1. The Civil Rights Movement • Background: • 250 years of slavery • Civil War and Reconstruction • (13th, 14th and 15th Amendments) • Jim Crow segregation • “Separate but Equal” (Plessy v Ferguson) • Poll taxes and literacy tests

  2. The following graph gives the number of lynchings and racially-motivated murders...

  3. The Civil Rights Movement • Slow Progress in the Early Twentieth Century • Booker T. Washington • W.E.B/ DuBois • The Niagara Movement - The NAACP

  4. The Modern Civil Rights Movement • 1945 - End of World War II • 1948 - Truman Integrated the Military • 1954 - The Supreme Court Integrated the Public Schools • 1955 - The Movement Begins…

  5. What was the situation in 1955? • Segregation was still legal in public facilities, jobs and housing. • Poll taxes, literacy tests and other means were still used to prevent voting. • Fear, terror and the Klan were still prevalent.

  6. Goals? • Equal Opportunity • Integration • Maintaining a separate identity • Economic Equality

  7. Methods? • Organizations • Raising Awareness • Civil Disobedience • Violent Confrontations

  8. Leaders? • Martin Luther King • Malcolm X • The most effective?

  9. Who Participated? • African Americans • Native Americans • Hispanics • Women • The Handicapped • Homosexuals

  10. Success? • Civil Rights Legislation • Decline of Prejudice • New Roles and Opportunities

  11. Life expectancy of a black child 1978 -5 years shorter Today - Six years shorter Risk of a black woman dying during childbirth 1978 - Three times as likely Today - 3-1/2 times as likely Infant mortality rate for blacks 1978 - Twice that of whites Today - Slightly more than twice Black families below the poverty line 1978 - Four times the number of white families Today – Unchanged Unemployment rate for black adults 1978 - Twice that of whites Today – Unchanged Income of a black family 1978 - 60 percent of a white family's Today - 66 percent REPORT CARD ON EQUALITY IN THE UNITED STATES (2003):

  12. Remaining Issues? • Persistence of Economic Inequality • Persistence of Prejudice (Gays and Lesbians?) • Controversial Remedies (Affirmative Action, Bussing Programs…)

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