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SMOKING & REPRODUCTION

SMOKING & REPRODUCTION. More Than 60 Published Studies In Medical Literature. SMOKING & FEMALE INFERTILITY. Meta analysis (25 studies ) - Smoking reduce the natural fertility - Earlier menopause ( average 2 years ) Damage of ovarian reserve increase with smoking

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SMOKING & REPRODUCTION

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  1. SMOKING & REPRODUCTION MoreThan 60 Published StudiesIn MedicalLiterature

  2. SMOKING & FEMALE INFERTILITY Meta analysis (25 studies) - Smokingreducethenaturalfertility - Earliermenopause(average 2 years) Damage of ovarianreserveincrease withsmoking - Increase in risksforectopic pregnancyandspontaneousabortion

  3. SMOKING & FEMALE INFERTILITY Womenwhoquitsmokingbeforeorduring pregnancyreducethe risk foradverse reproductiveoutcomes,including Difficulties in becomingpregnant. - Infertility - PROM - Pretermdelivery - Lowbirthweight

  4. SMOKING & MALE INFERTILITY(ASRM=AFS 2001) Heavysmokingcountributesto - Development of impotence Abnormalsemenogram - Decreasedspermycountalteration in motilityandincrease in theabnormalforms

  5. SMOKERS & ART A prospectivecohortstudy (Zitzman et al 2001) • High basaland post cc serum FSH • Weakovarianresponsetostim • Needhigherdoses of GN • Impairedfertilizationanddelayedconception resultedfrom - Interferencewithgametogenesis - Failure of implantation - Earlymiscarriage

  6. HOW SMOKING AFFECT FERTILITY • Maternalsmokingaffects - Inutroovaryfemalefetuses - Reduced Semen Qualityand Testis Size in Adulthood (Jensen 2004) • Increase ROS inside Graafianfollicle • Affectmeioticmaturation of humanoocytes

  7. HOW SMOKING AFFECTFETILITY • Interferewithestrogensynthesis • Endothelialabnormalities (atherogenicand thromboticproblems) • Oocytes (pre-zygoticgeneticdamage) • Sperm DNA damage (substances in smoke)

  8. UPDATE METERNAL SMOKING • Increasesthe risk of asthmaduringthefirst 7 years of life(Laurberg P.2004) • Impairment of iodineNutrition in Breast-Fed Infants (Nohr ,2004) • Increased risk forsuddeninfantdeathsyndrome (SIDS)

  9. Intheir meta-analysis, Waylen et. al. evaluadet 17 studiesendshowed in aggregatesignificantlylowerodds of livebirthpercycle (OR 0.54,95% CI 0.30-0.99), andsignificantlyhigherodds of spontaneousmiscarriage (OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.53-5.30 ) in women who smoked. HumanReprodupdate 2009;15

  10. Benedict et almeasured cotinine, a nicotine metabolite, in follicular fluid collected during 3270IVF treatment cycles from 1909 non-smoking women between 1994 and 2003 to examine the relationship between secondhand tobacco smoke exposure and implantation failure.They reported a 52% in- crease in the risk of implantation failure among women exposed to STS compared with those unexposed.They also found a 25% decrease in the odds for a live birth among STS-exposed women Hum Reprod 2011;26

  11. The summary point is that women trying to get pregnant should stop smoking,but non-smoking women, too, should remove themselves from chronic exposure to secondhand smoke. Fertil Steril 2012;97

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