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Working with Cloud-based Storage

This chapter delves into cloud storage systems, their types, and functionalities, including backup solutions and file-sharing software. Understand the digital universe's data trends and the emergence of managed and unmanaged cloud storage. Learn about provisioning, interoperability, and measuring the massive data generated worldwide.

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Working with Cloud-based Storage

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  1. Working with Cloud-based Storage CSE423 VIRTUALIZATION AND CLOUD COMPUTING

  2. Introduction • The world is creating massive amounts of data. • A large percentage of that data either is already stored in the cloud, will be stored in the cloud, or will pass through the cloud during the data's lifecycle. • Cloud storage systems are among the most successful cloud computing applications in use today. • This chapter surveys the area of cloud storage systems, categorizes the different cloud storage system types, discusses file-sharing and backup software and systems

  3. Lecture Outline • Measuring the digital universe • Provisioning cloud storage • Creating cloud storage systems • Cloud backup solutions • Cloud storage interoperability

  4. Measuring the Digital Universe • Facts of hunger for storage • An email with a 1GB attachment to 3 people can generate an estimated 5 GB of stored managed data. • Only 25% of the data stored is unique, while 75% of the data stored is duplicated. • 70% of the data stored in the world is user initiated., remainder is enterprise generated content.

  5. Measuring the Digital Universe • Facts of hunger for storage • More than 50% of the data created everyday is the data that is automatically generated, (called shadow data/digital shadow ) especially from video cameras and surveillance photos, financial transaction event logs, performance data and so on. • However lots of shadow data does get retained having never been touched by human bieng • Much of the data produced is temporal, stored briefly and get deleted.

  6. Measuring the Digital Universe • The storage giant EMC has an interest in knowing just how much data is being stored worldwide. • EMC has funded some studies over the past decade to assess the size of what it calls “The Digital Universe.” • The latest study done by IDC in 2007-2008 predicted that by 2011 the world will store 1800 exabytes (EB) or 1.8 zettabytes (ZB) of data. By the year 2020,stored data will reach an astonishing 35ZB • https://www.emc.com/leadership/digital-universe/index.htm

  7. EMC’s Digital Universe Homepage

  8. Cloud Storage Data Usage in 2020 By International Data Corporation, Digital Universe, May 2010

  9. Cloud Storage Definition • IaaS model • Storage accessed by Web service API • Cloudy characteristics • Network access most often through browser • On-demand provisioning • User control • SaaS model • Software package on top of cloud storage for backup, synchronization, archiving, etc.

  10. Storage Devices • Block storage device • Raw storage that can be partitioned to create volumes • Data is transferred in blocks • Example, hard disk, flash drives • Faster data transfers/ additional overhead on clients • File storage device • Expose its storage to client in a form of files • Example, file server, most often in the form of Network Attached Storage (NAS) devise • Slower transfers/ less overhead from clients

  11. Provisioning Cloud Storage • Cloud storage may be broadly categorized into two major classes of storage: • Unmanaged Storage • Managed Storage

  12. Cloud Storage Types • Unmanaged storage • Unmanaged storage is presented to a user as if it is a ready-to-use disk drive. The user has little control over the nature of how the disk is used. • Preconfigured storage (limited level of mgt) • Cannot (1) format as your like, (2) install your own file system (FAT, NTFS), and (3) change drive properties (compression, encryption) • Reliable, relatively cheap, easy to work with • Ex-Application using this storage are SaaS web services

  13. Cloud Storage Types • Managed storage • Managed storage involves the provisioning of raw virtualized disk and the use of that disk to support applications that use cloud-based storage • Provided as a raw disk • Can (1) format and partition the disk, (2) attach or mount the disk, and (3) make storage assets available to applications and other users • Support applications built using Web services • Ex-Application using this storage are IaaS web services

  14. Unmanaged Cloud Storage • With the development of high capacity disks in mid to late 1990 a new class of Storage provider known as Storage Service Provider (SSP) appeared with intent of doing online storage • IDrive, FreeDrive, MyVirtualDrive, OmniDrive, Xdrive offered file hosting services in unmanaged storage form. • Volumes were accessible using FTP then Utility then within browsers. DropBox example of file transfer utility. • In unmanaged cloud, disk space provided to user as a sized partition.

  15. Dropbox – File Transfer Utility

  16. Managed Cloud Storage • User provisions storage on demand and pays using pay-as-you-go model • System appears to user as a raw disk that user must partition and format • Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) • http://aws.amazon.com/s3/ • Rackspace Cloud • http://www.rackspace.com/index.php • Google Storage for Developers • https://cloud.google.com/storage/

  17. Amazon S3 and Rackspace Cloud

  18. Creating Cloud Storage Systems • Concepts • Multiple copies of data are stored on multiple servers and in multiple locations • Storage virtualization software • Failover - > changing the pointers to the stored object’s location • Example • Amazon Web Service (EC2, S3) supports “failover” / load balancing ->but you must purchase these features

  19. Evaluating Cloud Storage • Important considerations • Client self-service • Strong management capabilities • Scale up – more disks • Scale out – additional storage systems • Performance characteristics such as throughput • Block-based or file-based protocol support • Seamless maintenance and upgrades

  20. Cloud Backup Solutions • Last line of defense in a strong backup routine • Backup types • Full system or image backups • Point-in-time (PIT) backups or snapshots • Incremental backups • 3-2-1 Backup rule • 3 copies (1 primary and 2 backups) • 2 different media • 1 copy should be stored offside

  21. Backup Types • Full System/ Image Backups • Creates a complete copy of volume including all system files, the boot record and any other data contained in the disks. • For create image backup of active system we need to stop all applications. • Ex. Ghost

  22. Backup Types • Point in Time (PIT) or Snapshots • Referred to as incremental backup, created so often. • Lets you restore your data to a point in time and save multiple copies of any files that have been changed. • Ex- Carbonite

  23. Cloud Backup Solutions • Last line of defense in a strong backup routine • Backup types • Full system or image backups • Point-in-time (PIT) backups or snapshots • Incremental backups • 3-2-1 Backup rule • 3 copies (1 primary and 2 backups) • 2 different media • 1 copy should be stored offside

  24. Cloud Backup Features • Logon authentication • High encryption of data transfers • Automated and scheduled backup • Fast backup (snapshots) after full online backup, with 10-30 historical versions of a file retained • Ability to retrieve historical versions of file

  25. Cloud Backup Features (2) • Multiplatform support (Win/ Mac / Linux) • Web-based management console with ease to use features such as drag and drop. • 24x7 technical support • Logging and reporting of operations • Multisite storage or replication, enabling data failover

  26. Cloud Attached Backup

  27. CTERA sells a server referred to as Cloud Attached Storage, which is meant for the Small and Medium Business (SMB) market, branch offices, and the Small Office Home Office (SOHO) market. • The CTERA Cloud Attached Storage backup server has the attributes of a NAS (Network Attached Storage), with the added feature that after you set up which systems you want to back up, create user accounts, and set the backup options through a browser interface, the system runs automated backup copying and synchronizing of your data with cloud storage. Backed up data may be shared between users

  28. Cloud Storage Interoperability • Open standards (operating-system neutral and file-system neutral) • Workgroups • Cloud Data Management Interface (CDMI) from Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA) • http://www.snia.org • Open Cloud Computing Interface (OCCI) from SNIA and Open Grid Forum (OGF) • http://www.ogf.org

  29. References • Chapter 15 of Course Book: Cloud Computing Bible, 2011, Wiley Publishing Inc.

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