Hepatitis

1. Hepatitis -Hepato = liver -itis = inflammation

2. Learning Objectives: • Identify the different mode of transmissions for each of the Hepatitis types. • Discuss 2 ways of preventing the spread of Hepatitis. • Name three symptoms of Hepatitis. • List three methods of care & treatment of someone with hepatitis. • Name three health complications that can occur as a result of having hepatitis.

3. An inflammation or infection of the liver Definition of hepatitis

4. Production of bile Removes poisons that have been absorbed in the small intestines Stores vitamins Produces antibodies – which act against infections Produces heparin – which prevents the blood from clotting What does the liver do?

5. Types & Transmission of Hepatitis

6. Transmission through blood occurs during: -sex -transfusions -direct contact during caretaking -needle sticks -sharing needles or syringes Also body piercing and tattoos Blood transmission

7. “protected” sex, remember abstinence is ideal Avoid transfusions blood industry does its best to supply uninfected blood Clean up blood spills correctly Do NOT recap needles Dispose of sharps properly Don’t share needles and syringes Don’t share toothbrushes or razors Prevention of blood transmission

8. Gather supplies -disposable towels gloves and bag -cleaning solution Put on protective gear Wipe up blood with towels and throw directly into bag Spray solution on site and wipe Spray site and keep moist for 10 minutes Dispose of waste appropriately Allow site to “air dry” How to clean up a blood spill

9. Improper hygiene Poor sanitation -Contaminated water supply -Water contaminates food supply, animals, humans Fecal –oral transmission

10. Proper storage of food at proper temperature Thorough cooking of food Frequent and thorough handwashing, especially after restroom use Adequate sewage treatment and water filtration/chlorination systems Disinfection of frequently touched surfaces to prevent indirect contact transmission Increased public awareness of proper hygiene and food handling Prevention of fecal-oral transmission

11. Who is at risk for hepatitis? • Health Care workers: doctors, nurses, EMT’s, firefighters • Patients receiving blood transfusions or products hemophiliac • Newest high risk group is having > 3+ sexual partners in life • People who repeatedly contract STD • Drug addicts

12. Symptoms of hepatitis • None (1/3 of the patients) • Mild: • Nausea, fatigue, rash, diarrhea, headache, fever • Severe: • Severe loss of appetite, muscle aches, jaundice, dark urine, liver tenderness, rash

13. Jaundice is a yellowish pigmentation of the skin, the whites of the eyes, and other mucus membranes Jaundice

14. Care & Treatment for hepatitis • Good nutrition • Plenty of rest • No alcohol • Medications • Possible liver transplant

15. Vaccines are available for Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B Hep A vaccine is given in 2 doses -recommended for travelers going overseas to underdeveloped countries Hep B vaccine is given in 3 doses Vaccines

16. ALL MEDICAL PERSONNEL Sexually active people All infants People in contact with a Hep B carrier Who should be vaccinated?

17. Lifelong infection Cirrhosis of the liver (scar tissue) Liver cancer Liver failure Death. About 5,000 Americans die each year from illness caused by HBV Complications of Hepatitis Infection

18. Dried blood with Hepatitis B is transmissible for 10 days Hepatitis B is spread more easily than HIV because it is more concentrated in the blood! Miscellaneous Hepatitis Facts

19. PAMELA ANDERSON She was on Baywatch She believes she got Hepatitis C from sharing tattoo needles with ex-husband Tommy Lee. She was also married to Kid Rock She is a celebrity spokesperson for the American Liver Foundation Celebrities with Hepatitis

20. NATALIE COLE Daughter of Nat King Cole -Singer and songwriter Hepatitis was likely caused by her drug use in early years Was a guest on Grey’s Anatomy last year Celebrities with Hepatitis

21. NAOMI JUDD The mom in the country group The Judds In 1991 she found out she had Hepatitis C and this forced her into retirement Created the Naomi Judd Education and Research Fund to raise awareness of Hepatitis C Spokesperson for the American Liver Foundation Celebrities with Hepatitis

22. ANTHONY KIEDIS Front man of The Red Hot Chili Peppers Known drug addict Claims he got Hepatitis C from IV drug use in the 90s Celebrities with Hepatitis

23. STEVEN TYLER Front man of Aerosmith Member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Diagnosed in 1995 with Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Underwent 11 months of interferon therapy and described it as “agony” Celebrities with Hepatitis

24. JACK KEVORKIAN Pathologist and right to die activist Served 8 years in prison for 2nd degree murder and was released on the understanding he would not assist in any more patient suicides States he contracted Hepatitis C while researching blood transfusions during Vietnam Died in 2011 of cancer. Celebrities with Hepatitis

25. MICKEY MANTLE -greatest switch hitter of all time -played for the NY Yankees -inducted in the American Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974 -still holds record for most World Series: homeruns, RBIs, runs, walks, extra base hits, and total bases -had Hepatitis C and received a liver transplant in 1995 (he had liver cancer) -developed Mickey Mantle Foundation to raise awareness for organ donation -he also died in 1995 Celebrities with Hepatitis

26. EVEL KNIEVEL -American Motorcycle daredevil -originally from Montana -had Hepatitis C from one of the numerous blood transfusions he received from one of his many crashes -received a liver transplant in the 1990’s -he died in 2007 Celebrities with Hepatitis

27. Universal Precautions We will be watching a 30 minute video on the importance of Universal Precautions. Following the movie – you will be taking a 20 question quiz on this information. Please pay attention 