READING A PAPER

1. READING A PAPER

2. Basic Parts of a Research Paper • Abstract • Introduction to Technology (background) • Tools & techniques/Methods used in current technology • Limitations/flaws/problems in current technology • Selection of one or more than one problem to solve the current limitation • Proposed solution • Results of proposed solution • Proposed Solution vs. Existing solution • Comparison of Results of proposed & existing solution • Results /discussions ,Outputs and recommendations • Conclusion • Future Work • References

3. Main Points to be Considered • What are the main questions to be answered by this work? • What are the papers which the author summarizes in that section? • How does the author comment on those previous researches? • Distinguish previous research and the reported study • Why is this work carried out? • Which gap will it fill? • What is the motive of doing that research? • Why this work is important? • How will it approach the solutions? • Exp. – Num.- Ana.- Theory. • What are the Promises of this work? • How it is verified?

4. Observations • Get a clear picture of what was done at each step • Outline and sketch the instruments / procedures • Make notes of your questions • Some: technical • Other: more fundamental • Write down your reflection and criticism. • Look carefully at the figures, tables and Equations (heart of most papers) • What Researchers Did? • Understand each figure • Redraw it • Explain it in plain words • Discuss with others

5. Discussion • Very important as it includes conclusions drawn from the data • Reflection from author on the work • Its meaning in relation to other’s finding • It’s meaning in relation to the field

6. Reflection & Criticisms • Summarize the paper • Draw your own conclusion • Keep track of your previous questions • See whether they have been answered • Raise more questions to be answered

7. Questions to be raised INTRODUCTION • What is the overall purpose of the research? • How does the research fits into its field? • Show the validity of a new technique • Show agreements (How much you are agreed with the approach) for studying the problems in the presented way.

8. Methodology • Were the measurements appropriate for the questions the researcher was approaching? • If the answer is NO; ask why not... • Does s/he use indicators (substitute wards or symbols) • Were the measures related to the variables? • Do the variables studied represent the problems?

9. Results • What are major findings? • Were the data presented enough to reach the objective? • Are there some patterns and trends which are not mentioned? • Were there problems that should be addressed?

10. Discussion • Do you agree with the conclusions? • Were conclusions over generalized? • Were conclusions over conservative? • Were conclusions carefully stated? • Are there other factors that could affect the results and the conclusions? • What further experiments you suggest to continue? • What further experiments you suggest to continue to answer remaining questions?

11. Any Questions ?