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6 Major World Religions. Buddhism, Hinduism, Taoism, Christianity, Islam, Judaism Non West 2014. Indian Religions. Buddhism (not much in India any more, but has its origins on the Indian Subcontinent) Hinduism. East Asian Religion.
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6 Major World Religions Buddhism, Hinduism, Taoism, Christianity, Islam, Judaism Non West 2014
Indian Religions • Buddhism (not much in India any more, but has its origins on the Indian Subcontinent) • Hinduism
East Asian Religion • Taoism (a major component of what is called “Chinese Traditional religions). Confucianism is also in this category, but smaller)
Abrahamic Religions • Christianity • Islam • Judaism
Founders • Founding person of Buddhism is Siddhartha Gautama (about 550 BCE) • Founding person of Hindu is . . . There is no founder. This is possibly the world’s oldest religion. We don’t know when it started, or who started it (2,000 BCE?) • Founding person of Taoism (Daoism) is Lao Tse (Laozi). It’s not known whether he is the actual founder, but it is attributed to him (about 580 BCE))
Founders continued • Founding person of Christianity is Jesus Christ (1st century CE) • Founding person of Islam is Muhammad (580 CE) • Founding person of Judaism is Abraham (about 1500 BCE)
Supreme Being • The Supreme Being of Buddhism is . . . There is no supreme being. This is all about bettering yourself. • The Supreme Being of Hinduism is Brahma, who has two avatars: Vishnu and Shiva (together a trinity) • The Supreme Being of Taoism is . . . There isn’t one. There are deities, but one isn’t over another. The important thing here is nature’s energy rather than a supreme being.
Supreme Being Continued • The Supreme Being in Christianity is God • The Supreme Being in Islam is God (Allah) • The Supreme Being in Judaism is God (Elohim)
Holy Sites • The holiest place in Buddhism is wherever you worship. However important Buddha history places are also important cities (Buddha's birthplace, burial place, where he received enlightenment, etc.) • The holiest site in Hinduism is . . . There are 7 holy cities, 4 holy sites, 3 holy rivers • The holiest sites in Taoism are mountains where important temples are
Holy Sites • Holy sites in Christianity include Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Golgotha, and the Sea of Galilee (places associated with Jesus Christ) • Holy sites in Islam include Mecca, Medina, and The Dome of the Rock (on Temple Mount in Jerusalem)—all places associated with Mohammed the Prophet • Holy sites in Judaism include Temple Mount, the Wailing Wall (on Temple Mount), Mount Sinai, Tomb of the Patriarchs
Sacred Writings • Sacred writings of Buddhists are the Tripitaka. This means “3 Baskets” because it was originally written on long leaves and stored in baskets. • Sacred writings of Hinduism are the Vedas. There are 4 of them: Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Atharva Veda • Sacred writings of Taoism is the Tao teChing
Sacred writings continued • Sacred writings of Christianity is the Bible, which includes the Old Testament and the New Testament • Sacred writings of Islam is the Quran, also spelled Koran • Sacred writings of Judaism is the Torah, which includes the first 5 books of the Old Testament; also important is the Talmud, which is writings about the Torah
Where originated? • Buddhism—Nepal
Where originated? • Hinduism--India
Where Originated? • Taoism--China
Where originated? • Christianity--Israel
Where originated? • Islam--Mecca
Where originated? • Judaism--Israel
numbers • Buddhists—375 million to 1.2 billion • Hindus—1 billion • Taoists—(Chinese Traditional) 394 million • Christians—2.1 billion • Muslims—1.5 billion • Jews—14 million
Major beliefs--buddhism • 4 Noble Truths: • Life has a lot of suffering • The cause of suffering is greed and selfishness • There is an end to suffering • The way to end suffering is following the middle way through the 8-fold path (right viewpoint, right attitude, right speech, right action, right work, right effort, right mindfulness, right meditation)
Major beliefs--hinduism • Karma—the law of cause and effect • Reincarnation until Moshka (liberation from cycle of rebirth) is attained • All life is sacred • No religion teaches the only way to salvation—all religions are paths to God’s light and love, and all religions ought to be tolerated and understood
Major beliefs--Taoism • Live in harmony with the Tao—or the way • If you do this, you will free your soul and become one of the immortals • Don’t lie, steal, murder, commit adultery, or drink alcohol • Obey your elders, love your parents, be tolerant, love others, be in good physical and mental shape, practice control of your mind and body, act selflessly
Major beliefs--christianity • Jesus Christ is the Son of God • Love God • Love your neighbor as yourself • Follow the 10 commandments • Faith and Grace • Baptism
Major Beliefs--Islam • There is no god but One God (Allah) and Muhammad is his prophet • Pray 5 times a day (facing the direction of Mecca) • Pay an alms tax—2.5% of one’s wealth to the poor and needy • Fast during daylight hours during the 9th month of the Islamic lunar calendar (Ramadan) • Go on a pilgrimage to Mecca once in your lifetime
Major Beliefs--Judaism • The 10 commandments—worship no other God, no graven images, don’t misuse the name of God, observe the Sabbath day (Saturday), respect your parents, don’t murder, commit adultery, or steal, don’t accuse anyone falsely or tell lies, don’t envy others’ possessions.
