Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

1. Procurement and lighting of dark fibre Lada Altmannova Stanislav Sima Prague May 25th, 2004

2. Main changes in REN design • Traditional building elements (procured): data transmission services, routers, terminals, etc. • Traditional network function: provide best effort IP connectivity • New building elements: dark fibres, optical transmission equipment, switches • New network function: provide E2E circuits • Multi-vendor networking for feasibility (in multiple domain) and cost effectiveness (in single domain) – standards, MSA, etc. are needed. This is similar as on circuit and computer system design level. Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

3. Dark fibre deployment in RENs • Increasing and world-wide deployment of dark fibre (acquisition of dark fibres instead of SDH or lambda services) – without moving back • Lease of fibres: 0.4 – 0.5 Euro/m/pair/year, including maintenance • Discounts on long term lease, disadvantages of IRU (prepayment, taxes and bankruptcy) • Increasing number of customer premises connected by fibre: to achieve this is more difficult problem than intercity fibre procurement • Building first mile fibre lines: about 30 Euro/m for 12 strand cable, 6 month in ground Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

4. Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

5. CEF network architecture will be new • Prefer network architecture with NIL (singlespan) lines and without overlaying (concurrent) fibres • KIS rule for fibres: Keep It Short, including connections crossing state borders • Realization oflambdas by own equipment and fibres for long distance data transmission • Search actively for new fibre providers (railways, highways, power distribution companies, fuel distribution companies, gas distribution companies, cable TV companies, etc.) • Search actively for regional authorities and local boards cooperation on laying first mile fibre cables Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

6. How to go from telco services to dark fibres • Procure dark fibre before lambdas procurement • Procure your first dark fibre line ASAP to acquire experience (to avoid staff fear of: maintenance, service, lighting fibre, management of in-line equipment, costs, manpower, etc.) • Do not relay on one provider only, maintain concurrency (for price and for first mile acquiring) • If price is not excellent, use annual contracts and re-procurement • If dark fibre line is not offered but exists, use annual contract for lambda(s) and re-procure dark fibre • Prefer remote management of in-line equipment with local assistance of service company (no „managed dark fibre service“from ISP) Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

7. Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

8. Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

9. We need non-expensive fibre footprint • KIS: Connect dark fibres used by NREN by a short cross-border fibre lines (called also Near over Border - NoB) • Use WDM equipment on national and cross-border fibres for implementation of lambdas between GN2 PoPs/end users • This KIS approach avoids double payment of fibres or lambdas (parallel lines are paid by NREN and DANTE), in the biggest item of budgets • Such change of networking strategy is difficult, feasibility study and testbeds are needed Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

10. Lighting of dark fibre: NIL approach • Production lines G.652, 1550 nm, EDFA • 189 km Praha – Pardubice GE since May 2002 • 235 km Brno – Ostrava GE since June 2003 • Experimental lines G.652, 1550 nm, EDFA • 235 km Brno – Ostrava OC-48 June 2003 • 286 km Praha – Brno GE May 2004 (+Raman) • More wavelengths possible Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

11. Dark fibre lighting register: see before new line design Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

12. NIL tests in laboratory • G.652 fibre spools, EDFA + Raman: • 325 km GE • 250 km OC-48 • 252 km 2x 10 GE • 290 km 10 G DWDM • G.655 fibre spools (recently delivered): • testing • lower cost of dispersion compensation on 10 Gbps Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

13. Let us introduce: PC Light • Design Kit for wide area fibre networks, based on racked PCs with build-in optical amplifier modules • Multi-vendor (multi-source) building elements • Preliminary comparison of OA (EDFA) costs: • OA from „ISP vendor“: 40 000 USD • OA from „optical vendor“: 18 000 USD • OA from „module vendor“: 2 500 USD (two OA in module) • OA from Integrated Circuit vendor: ??? (forthcoming) • OA costs are the biggest item in long distance transmission systems costs (e.g. 60%) => PC Light helps to radically change WAN/MAN costs Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

14. EDFA 2in1: PC Light equipment example • PC with build-in OA EDFA booster and preamp • Successfully used for NIL GE connection from Plzen to CzechLight in Prague by dark fibre pair (159.4 km, 36.7 dB) since May 2004 • One Side Amplification (OSA NIL approach): this equipment is placed in Prague only. No OA equipment is placed in Plzen, so we expect lower service costs and higher availability (we have 24/7 staff in Prague only) • Advantages: low cost, low size (1U), low power consumption, Linux, SNMP, reach up to 225 km, possibility of development, …. Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

15. Alarm LEDs Low NF preamplifier PA IN PA OUT BO IN BO OUT Flash disc* Booster +5V DC IDE RS 232 Power Supply MicroATX MainBoard with fanless CPU FE USB * Network boot is also possible RS232C EDFA 2in1: EDFA Module in Standard 1U PC with Linux Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

16. PC Light forthcoming • EDFA 2in1 works on 10 GE (tested in laboratory) • GE interface card on 1550 nm • GE interface card for bidirectional transmission on single fibre • etc. Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

17. Prepared CzechLight connections Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

18. Prepared CzechLight PoP in Brno • Fibre Praha - Brno 298.3 km, including 257.3 km of G.655 fibre. • DWDM 10 Gbps cards for Cisco 15454 • NIL transmission, if possible • June – July 2004 Procurement and lighting of dark fibre

19. Acknowledgement • Jan Gruntorad for support and GLIF entry • Miroslav Karasek and Jan Radil for lighting of CESNET2 and CzechLight fibres • Josef Vojtech for EDFA 2in1 development • Comment: presented ideas and opinions are result of our ongoing R&D activities and are opened to improvement Procurement and lighting of dark fibre