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Tuberculosis

By: Dwayne Jones, Jose “sunshine, Joseph, Buster Shine” Murillo, Dante Mendoza, Ever, Marco “ The Sport” Montero. Tuberculosis. Overview . Background Information Etiology Epidemiology Mode of Transmission Clinical manifestation/systems Diagnostic test Treatment

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Tuberculosis

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  1. By: Dwayne Jones, Jose “sunshine, Joseph, Buster Shine” Murillo, Dante Mendoza, Ever, Marco “ The Sport” Montero Tuberculosis

  2. Overview • Background Information • Etiology • Epidemiology • Mode of Transmission • Clinical manifestation/systems • Diagnostic test • Treatment • Prevention/Control Measures • References

  3. Prevention • Not spending long periods of time with infected people until they have been treated for at least two weeks • Wash Hands Frequently • Use protective measures such as face masks if you work in a facility. • If you live with someone who has untreated TB encourage them to seek medical attention.

  4. Types Of TB • There are two types of TB meaning that there are different treatments for each one. • Latent TB • TB Disease

  5. Latent TB • People with latent TB infection have TB bacteria in their bodies, but they are not sick because the bacteria are not active. People with latent TB infection do not have symptoms, and they cannot spread TB bacteria to others. • 5 to 10% of infected persons will develop TB disease at some time in their lives. • 50% of those people who develop TB will do so within the first two years of infection.

  6. Latent TB Treatment • Because there are less bacteria in a person with latent TB infection, treatment is much easier. Four regimens are approved for the treatment of latent TB infection. • •isoniazid (INH) • •rifampin (RIF) • •rifapentine (RPT)

  7. TB Disease • TB bacteria become active (multiplying in the body) if the immune system can't stop them from growing. When TB bacteria are active, this is called TB disease. TB disease will make a person sick. People with TB disease may spread the bacteria to people with whom they spend many hours. • •One third of the world’s population is infected with TB. • •In 2012, nearly 9 million people around the world became sick with TB disease. There were around 1.3 million TB-related deaths worldwide. • •TB is a leading killer of people who are HIV infected.

  8. TB Disease Treatment • TB disease can be treated by taking several drugs for 6 to 9 months. There are 10 drugs currently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating TB.

  9. TB Background Information. • Tuberculosis is a common and in many cases, fatal, infectious diseases caused by various strains of myco bacteria. • It is a lower respiratory infection, that typically affects the lungs but can affect other parts of the body.

  10. Etiology • The disease is a gram positive. • It is a fairly large non motile rod shaped bacterium. • Incubation period is between 6 weeks of incubation • Obligate aerobe facultative intracellular parasite. • Slow generation time 15-20 hours.

  11. Mode of transmission • Primarily an Airborne disease and it is spread from person to person. • Transmitted from droplets when someone infected coughs, speaks, sings, or sneezes.

  12. Clinical Manifestations • Bad cough that lasts 3 weeks or longer • Pain in the chest • Coughing out blood • phlegm or sputum • Weakness • Weight loss • No Appetite • Chills • Sweating at night

  13. Diagnostic Test • TB skin test (Skin test only tells if the person is infected not the type of infection.) • TB blood test

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