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World History: Europe

World History: Europe. By Anastas Kanaris and Chris Polidoro. Technology and Environmental Transformations ( to 600 CE). Chapters 1, 4 and 5. Theme 1: Interaction Between Humans and the Environment. Homo erectus  Europe Southern Europe to Northern Stayed settled Agriculture spawn

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World History: Europe

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  1. World History: Europe By Anastas Kanaris and Chris Polidoro

  2. Technology and Environmental Transformations ( to 600 CE) • Chapters 1, 4 and 5

  3. Theme 1: Interaction Between Humans and the Environment • Homo erectus  Europe • Southern Europe to Northern • Stayed settled • Agriculture spawn • Domesticated animals • Neolithic revolution • Agricultural development • Hunters, fishermen, foragers • Bronze Age

  4. Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Cultures • Greek/Roman religions • gods • Aristotle/Cicero • moderation/balance • Socrates • conventional wisdom • Geometry/anatomy important • Roman engineering • Arts/literature • Zoroastrianism • Olympic games • Greek sculptures, architecture, plays • Romans rarely surpassed Greeks

  5. Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion and Conflict • Roman/Greek Empire • Greek city-states • Polis • Aristocratic rule • Despite democracy • No single style (Greece) • democracy most famous • Governments supported official religion • tolerated others • Loyalty state • uniform principles

  6. Theme 4: Creation, Expansion and Interaction of Economic Systems • Greeks/Romans farmers • Commercial agriculture • Private merchants • Grain trade • Also extensive trade • Slavery=important • Military/household tasks/outside work • Womenin business • Greek trading network • Roman goods traded-(China/India)

  7. Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures • Mostly Farmers • Landlords squeeze farmers to low class • Slavery=important social institution • Family tight social structure • men in firm control • Women had great influence/power in house • Still subordinate to men • Society lagged behind China/India • Status of women better than China

  8. Regional and Transregional Interactions (600 CE-1450 CE) • Chapters 9,10 and 15

  9. Theme 1: Interaction Between Humans and the Environment • Slavic  Europe • West: agriculture suffered 9th Century • 3 field system • Increase yields • Horse Collars • Move to Urban Areas Began • Commercial Network • spread of diseases

  10. Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Cultures • Byzantine Empire • Origin in 4th Century • Benefitted from Hellenistic World • Culture Exchange • KievanRus • Russia separate from Europe development • Feudal Europe • Benefitted from Catholic Church • Widespread Commercial Network • Crusades • Problems b/w East/West • Great Schism

  11. Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion and Conflict • Justinian • Attempt re-conquer W. land • Successors concentrated on defense • Long decline • Crusaders sacked Constantinople • Ottoman Turks conquer (1453) • Kiev- Captured by Tatars • European expansion • Conflict in West… Crusades

  12. Theme 4: Creation, Expansion and Interaction of Economic Systems • Byz- Depended on countryside control • Regulated trade/food • Peasants food/taxes • Widespread Commercial Network • Italians took away from Byzantines • Russia- Kiev=commercial center • Medieval Europe: Self Sufficient • Agricultural Advancements

  13. Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures • Feudalism • Monarch-Vassal-Knight-Serf • To control large territories • Church above all • Cities encouraged lay groups

  14. Global Interactions (1450 CE-1750 CE) • Chapters 16, 17 and 18

  15. Theme 1: Interaction Between Humans and the Environment • Technological improvements • Sail Atlantic • Improved metalwork techniques • Improved navigational skills • Printing • Colombian exchange • food, disease, people • International spread of disease • Many deaths • Major population increases

  16. Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Cultures • Renaissance • Secular topics • Religion declined (Deism) • Humanism • Changed styles art/sculpture • Writers mixed themes • Northern rulers  art patrons • Replaced Gothic • Catholic Reformation • Challenged Catholicism • Protestant groups • Lutheran, Anglican, Calvinism, Jesuits • Religious wars • Major science advances • Literacy became widespread

  17. Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion and Conflict • Atlantic exploration • Overseas empires • Carve up Africa • Gained profits • Commercial Revolution • Rebellionssocialtension • Science revolution  new government • Frederick the Great • Monarchs gained new powers • French centralized authority • formed a bureaucracy/military • Absolute monarchy • Louis XIV • Territorial expansion • Parliamentary regimes • Politically divided/at war

  18. Theme 4: Creation, Expansion and Interaction of Economic Systems • Dominated economy • Producers/suppliers • Africa =slave supplier • Merchants/manufacturers profited • Commercialization spurred • Trading companies • Agricultural regions • Mass consumerism • Agricultural methods improved • New World crops increased supply • Agricultural advances spurred manufacturing • Household production • Economic change growing population • Manufacturing jobs

  19. Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures • European-style family • Intensified linksfamilies/individual property holdings • Later marriage • form of birth control • New rural/urban proletariat • Suffered from increased food prices • Popular protest • Witchcraft hysteria • Longer lives

  20. Industrialization & Global Integration (1750 CE-1900 CE) • Chapters 23, 24 and 27

  21. Theme 1: Interaction Between Humans and the Environment • Technological Improvements • Industrial Revolution • Weapon improvements • Population Stabilized • Urban Growth continuation

  22. Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Cultures • Shift to Land Empires in Asia • Dutch in Java • British in India • Forced Trade • Philosophies

  23. Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion and Conflict • Governments=Monarchies • Revolutionaries break monarchy • Some democratic republics • Russia: immense social strain • British, French, Dutch empires • Nationalism • Revolution Pattern • Started in US • liberal rights/religious freedom. • Women wanted = • Revolution spread • Constitutions sought • Manorialism terminated • Aristocrats declined in power

  24. Theme 4: Creation, Expansion and Interaction of Economic Systems • Mercantilism • Changed economic policies • Trade w/ Asia altered • Serfs emancipated

  25. Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures • Proletariat class developed • Youthful independence grew • Sexual behavior altered • Free but not free (Serfs)

  26. Accelerating Global Change & Realignments ( 1900 CE-Present) • Chapters 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, and 36

  27. Theme 1: Interaction Between Humans and the Environment • New household technologies • Limit migration Europe • Had become multinational • Major war/fighting upgrade • Blitzkrieg • Machine guns • Atomic weapons • Environmental damage • Agricultural production problems • Debate focal points • Green movement • Environmental issues • Forced industrialization • Environmental disaster (Soviet Union) • Diseases • Industrial skills/labor policies • AIDS Western Europe

  28. Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Cultures • Art, films, literature • Modern art • Scientific advances • Genetics, space (sputnik) • New household technologies • Consumer culture expansion • Popular culture • European “Americanization” • Sexual experimentation • Adoption of Western culture • Worldwide homogeneity • Nationalism Soviet Union • Religious freedom restricted • Literature spread • Promoted science • Collapse of communism • Back to Orthodox Christianity

  29. Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion and Conflict • World War I • World War II • Cold War • End of empires • Spread to democracy

  30. Theme 4: Creation, Expansion and Interaction of Economic Systems • Great Depression • Industrialization continued • Weaponry • Space race (USSR) • Euro • Current economy

  31. Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures • Women voting • Peasant issues (after WW1) • Middle class link rulers/military • Jews/communists killed(1930s) • Concentration camps • New work women • Middle class leisure • 1940s crime increases • More marriages • Higher education gains • Divorce/birth control • Marriage/children later ages • Maternal care replaced • Men and women 100% =

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