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Silt/Soil. A fine material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment. Surplus. An excess amount of something. Civilization. A complex, highly organized social order (8 characteristics). River Valley.
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Silt/Soil • A fine material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment
Surplus • An excess amount of something
Civilization • A complex, highly organized social order (8 characteristics)
River Valley • An elongated lowland between ranges of mountains, hills, or other uplands, with a river running along the bottom
Fertile Crescent region of the Middle East named for its rich soils and golden wheat fields.
Mesopotamia • “between the rivers”; home to the 1st civilization in the world; located in the Fertile Crescent
Irrigation • the artificial application of water to land to assist in the production of crops
Monarchy • Hereditary title • King/Queen (ruler)
Hierarchy • system for ranking people
City-State • Early political system • Government controls the city and surrounding area
Polytheism • Belief in many gods/goddesses
Hammurabi’s Code • 1st written code of laws • “Eye for an Eye” • Laws under Hammurabi of Babylon
Judaism • 1st monotheistic religion - “Jewish” • Abraham- 1st prophet • Torah-holy book; 10 Commandments
Monotheism • Belief in 1 god
Empire • group of states or territories controlled by 1 ruler
Cultural Diffusion • Spread of culture/beliefs via trade, migration, and/or war
Ethnocentric • A belief that ones’ ethnicity is superior; you’re at the ‘center’ of everything
Feudalism • Decentralized government; an exchange of land for services; lords rule land for the king
Dynastic Cycle • Natural disasters/problems new dynasties • Pattern repeats
Mandate of Heaven • The right (orders) to rule from god
Monsoons • Seasonal winds/rain- common to India
Filial Piety • Respect for your elders (Confucian principle)