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Introduction to Educational Psychology

Introduction to Educational Psychology. Assoc.Prof.Chaweewan Kaewsaiha. Educational Psychology. Educational psychology is a scientific discipline that is concerned with understanding and improving how students acquire a variety of capabilities through instruction in classroom settings.

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Introduction to Educational Psychology

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  1. Introduction to Educational Psychology Assoc.Prof.ChaweewanKaewsaiha

  2. Educational Psychology • Educational psychology is a scientific discipline that is concerned with understanding and improving how students acquire a variety of capabilities through instruction in classroom settings.

  3. Scope of Educational Psychology • The Learner • The Learning Experiences • Learning Process • Learning Situation or Environment • The Teacher • Human Behavior • Growth and Development • Heredity and Environment

  4. Scope of Educational Psychology (cont.) • Nature and Development of the Personality • Individual Difference • Intelligence and its Measurement • Guidance and Counselling

  5. Learning Theory Q: How do people learn? A: Nobody really knows. But there are 6 main theories: Behaviorism Cognitivism Social Learning Theory Social Constructivism Multiple Intelligences Brain-Based Learning

  6. S R Behaviorism Classical Conditioning – Pavlov • A stimulus is presented in order to get a response:

  7. Behaviorism Operant Conditioning - Skinner • The response is made first, then reinforcement follows.

  8. Cognitivism • Definition • A retreat from behaviorism • An understanding of the organization of thinking • Learning is not always indicated by behavior

  9. Cognitivism (cont.) • Summary • Cognitive processes influence learning • As children grow, they become capable of • increasingly more sophisticated thought • People organize the things that they learn

  10. Cognitivism Jean Piaget • Focused on logical reasoning and the structure • of knowledge • People are intrinsically motivated to make sense • of the world (i.e. learn) • There are different “stages” of learning Back

  11. Cognitivism (cont.) • Lev Vygotsky • Russian psychologist and philosopher • Learning = social and collaborative activity • Thought and language develop independently of • each other (until 2 years old) Back

  12. Cognitivism (cont.) • Edward Tolman • Learning can occur without a reward • (reinforcement) • Learning occurs because of organization • Most behavior is intentional (not reactive) Back

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