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Learn to interpret population histograms to understand age distribution and cohort sizes. Explore the impact of social and economic factors on different generations, predict future trends, and examine the implications for healthcare and education spending.
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Demographers use histograms • Graph of age distribution at particular time • Cohort size • Male vs. female • Pre-reproductive • Reproductive ages • Post reproductive
Cohorts move up graph as they age – US baby boomers (1946-1964)
Baby boomers (1946-1964) X generation/ baby bust – (1965-1976) Echo boom / Generation Why (Y) (1977-2000) Millennia generation (2000-2010) Social and economic considerations: Geriatric or infant health care? Education or retirement spending? US generations
Histograms can also be used to predict future population trends based on an important assumption
Check for understanding • What is the name of these graphs? • What do the vertical thirds represent? • What do the two sides represent? • Which cohort would tell you about IMR? • What aspect do you consider when predicting future population trends? • What assumption is made in making future populations with these graphs?
Check for understanding Why does death rate fall with industrialization? Why does birth rate fall? Why does death rate fall first? At what two points is growth stable? How many siblings do you have? How many siblings for each of your parents? How many siblings for each of your grandparents?