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Analisa dan Perancangan Sistem Informasi

Analisa dan Perancangan Sistem Informasi. Adang Suhendra adang@staff.gunadarma.ac.id. SISTEM INFORMASI. Sistem Informasi. ORGANISASI. TEKNOLOGI. MANAGEMENT.

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Analisa dan Perancangan Sistem Informasi

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  1. Analisa dan Perancangan Sistem Informasi Adang Suhendra adang@staff.gunadarma.ac.id

  2. SISTEM INFORMASI Sistem Informasi ORGANISASI TEKNOLOGI MANAGEMENT

  3. Customers Suppliers ORGANISASI SISTEM INFORMASI INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT FEEDBACK Regulatory Stockholders Competitors Agencies ENVIRONMENT

  4. DATA & INFORMATION • DATA: Aliran Fakta yang menyatakan kejadian seperti transaksi bisnis • INFORMATION: Pengelompokkan Fakta yang berarti dan berguna bagi manusia khususnya proses pengambilan keputusan

  5. INTERDEPENDENCE HARDWARE BUSINESS Strategy Rules Procedures SOFTWARE DATABASE TELE-COMMUNICATIONS ORGANISASI SISTEM INFORMASI SYSTEM INTERDEPENDENCE

  6. COMPUTER-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEMS (CBIS) • FORMAL SYSTEMS • FIXED DEFINITIONS OF DATA, PROCEDURES • COLLECTING, STORING, PROCESSING, DISSEMINATING, USING DATA

  7. SCOPE SISTEM INFORMASI • 1950s: TECHNICAL CHANGES • 60s-70s: MANAGERIAL CONTROL • 80s-90s: INSTITUTIONAL CORE ACTIVITIES GROWING IMPORTANCE

  8. SI BERBASISKAN INTERNET • KOMUNIKASI & KOLABORASI • MENGAKSES INFORMASI • DISKUSI • MEMPEROLEH INFORMATION • HIBURAN • TRANSAKSI BISNIS

  9. PILIHAN MODEL BARU PERANCANGAN ORGANISASI • FLATTENING ORGANIZATIONS • SEPARATING WORK FROM LOCATION • REORGANIZING WORK-FLOWS • INCREASING FLEXIBILITY • REDEFINING ORGANIZATIONAL BOUNDARIES

  10. SALES & MANUFACTURING FINANCE ACCOUNTING HUMAN MARKETING RESOURCES TIPE-TIPE SISTEM INFORMASI JENIS SISTEM KELOMPOK YG DILAYANI STRATEGIC LEVEL SENIOR MANAGERS MANAGEMENT LEVEL MIDDLE MANAGERS KNOWLEDGE LEVEL KNOWLEDGE & DATA WORKERS OPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL LEVEL MANAGERS

  11. TIPE UTAMA SISTEM • TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEMS (TPS) • KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS (KWS) • OFFICE AUTOMATION SYSTEMS (OAS) • MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS (MIS) • DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) • EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS (ESS)

  12. TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEMS (TPS) • LEVEL OPERATIONAL • INPUT: TRANSAKSI, EVENTS • PROSES: UPDATING • OUTPUT: DETAILED REPORTS • USERS: OPERATIONS PERSONNEL CONTOH: ACCOUNTS PAYABLE

  13. CIRI-CIRI APLIKASI TPS Mis. Penjualan & Pemasaran FUNGSI-FUNGSI UTAMA PD SISTEM: • Managemen Penjualan; Market Research; Promosi; Harga; Produk-produk Baru Aplikas-aplikasi Utama: • Sistem Informasi Penjualan / Pemesanan,Sistem Market Research; Sistem Harga

  14. CIRI-CIRI APLIKASI TPS Pada Sistem Manufacturing & Production FUNGSI-FUNGSI UTAMA PD SISTEM: • Penjadwalan; Pembayaran; Pengiriman / Penerimaan; Engineering; Operations APLIKASI-APLIKASI UTAMA : • Materials Resource Planning Systems; Purchase Order Control Systems; Engineering Systems; Quality Control Systems

  15. CIRI-CIRI APLIKASI TPS Universitas FUNGSI-FUNGSI UTAMA SISTEM: • Pendaftaran; Pengolahan Nilai dan Matakuliah; Alumni APLIKASI-APLIKASI UTAMA: • Sistem Pendaftaran; Sistem Trnaskrip Nilai; Sistem Penjadwalan Pengajaran; Alumni Benefactor System

  16. KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS (KWS) • KNOWLEDGE LEVEL • INPUT: SPESIFIKASI PERANCANGAN • PROSES: MODELLING • OUTPUT: DESIGNS, GRAPHICS • USERS: TECHNICAL STAFF CONTOH: ENGINEERING WORK STATION (CAD,CAM)

  17. OFFICE AUTOMATION SYSTEMS (OAS) • MENUJU KE “PAPERLESS” OFFICE • PENDISAINAN ULANG ALUR KERJA • PERANGKAT LUNAK TERINTEGRASI • PERANCANGAN ERGONOMIC • CERDAS DAN MENARIK EXAMPLE: PRESENTATION GRAPHICS

  18. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS (MIS) • MANAGEMENT LEVEL • INPUT: VOLUME DATA YG BESAR • PROSES: MODEL-MODEL SEDERHANA • OUTPUT: SUMMARY REPORTS • USERS: MANAGER TINGKAT MENENGAH CONTOH: PEMBIAYAAN TAHUNAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN BULANAN / TAHUNAN

  19. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS (MIS) • KEPUTUSAN-KEPUTUSAN TERSTRUKTUR & SEMI-TERSTRUKTUR DECISIONS • REPORT CONTROL ORIENTED • PAST & PRESENT DATA • INTERNAL ORIENTATION • LENGTHY DESIGN PROCESS

  20. TPS MIS SALES DATA Order Processing System UNIT PRODUCT COST ORDER FILE Materials Resource Planning System MIS REPORTS PRODUCT CHANGE DATA PRODUCTION MASTER FILE General Ledger System EXPENSE DATA MANAGERS ACCOUNTING FILES MIS FILES DATA DARI TPS KE MIS

  21. DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) • LEVEL MANAGEMENT • INPUT: VOLUME DATA YG RENDAH • PROSES: INTERACTIVE • OUTPUT: DECISION ANALYSIS • USERS: PROFESSIONALS, STAFF EXAMPLE: CONTRACT COST ANALYSIS

  22. DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) • FLEXIBLE, ADAPTABLE, QUICK • USER CONTROLS INPUTS/OUTPUTS • NO PROFESSIONAL PROGRAMMING • SUPPORTS DECISION PROCESS • SOPHISTICATED MODELING TOOLS

  23. EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS (ESS) • STRATEGIC LEVEL • INPUT: AGGREGATE DATA • PROSES: INTERACTIVE • OUTPUT: PROJECTIONS • USERS: SENIOR MANAGERS CONTOH: PERENCANAAN OPERASI 5

  24. EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS (ESS) • TOP LEVEL MANAGEMENT • DESIGNED TO THE INDIVIDUAL • TIES CEO TO ALL LEVELS • VERY EXPENSIVE TO KEEP UP • EXTENSIVE SUPPORT STAFF

  25. ESS MIS DSS KWS OAS TPS KETERHUBUNGAN ANTAR TIPE SISTEM INFORMASI

  26. Kelompok Sistem Informasi

  27. Pendekatan Umum terhadap Pemecahan-Masalah • Identifikasi masalah. 2. Analisa dapnsen pemahaman masalah. 3. Identifikasi solusi yang diperlukan ataupun yang diharapkan. 4. Idenrifikasi solusi alternatif dan pengambilan keputusan. 5. Merancang dan mengimplementasikan solusi “terbaik”. 6. Evaluasi hasil.

  28. Kemampuan yg dituntut oleh seorang Sistem Analis • Memahami konsep Teknologi Informasi • Memiliki pengalaman dalam pemrograman Komputer • Memeiliki pengetahuan tentang bisnis secara umum • Mampu dalam menyelesaikan masalah • Mampu berkomunikasi dengan personal lain • Felksible dan mudah beradaptasi • Memiliki Karakter dan etika • Memiliki kemampuan dalam menganalisa Sistem dan perancangan.

  29. Information System Building Block

  30. Fase Analisis Sistem • Fase Investigasi Awal • Melakukan analisa terhadap beberapa kemungkinan awal (menggunakan analisa SWOT (strengthens, weakness, opportunity, threat – kekuatan, kelemahan, kesempatan dan ancaman) • Fase Analisa Masalah • Menganalisa domain permasalahan • Fase Analisa Kebutuhan • Menganalisa kebutuhan secara fungsional • Fase Analisa Keputusan • Memutuskan sistem mana yang akan berjalan dari beberapa kandidat sistem

  31. Fase Investigasi Awal

  32. Fase Analisa Masalah

  33. Fase Analisa Kebutuhan

  34. Fase Analisa Keputusan

  35. Matriks Fisibilitas

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