Part 2

1. Part 2 Rebuilding

2. Can we Rebuild???????? • What to do • Southern States can not negotiate treaty • Why?????? • Technically government does not exist • Readmit with no repercussion ?????

3. Conditions in the South • 20 percent of the adult white male • Others sick wounded • Southern Blacks – • Left plantations • Society in disarray

4. Freedom?????? • Slaves • Want land --- • Same rights as white MAN • Form communities • Churches, schools • How will white people react ?

5. Freedom??????? • Combat freedoms of former slaves • Emancipation Proclamation and 13th • Want to preserve what they had • Tying them to the land • Do they have a choice (slaves) • Freedmen’s Bureau • Money, land, schools, churches • 1 year

6. Freedom • “forty acres and a mule” • Lost • Southern Plantation owners will demand land back • Johnson will support • Tenants of the white man –

7. Can we be put back together ? • Debates • Conservative Repubs--- abolition • Radicals –want punishment –Stevens, Sumner • Disenfranchisement, former slaves protected • Property confiscated and distributed to freedmen

8. Lincoln 10% • Wants to put Union back together • 1863— • Amnesty –white southerners (not high Confederate officials) • Pledge loyalty –10 percent new government • Radicals –protest

9. Protest • Wade Davis Bill --- President appoint provisional gov., majority voters pledge loyalty • State constitutional convention –only open to those swore never took up arms • Abolish slavery, disenfranchise military leaders, repudiate debt • Political rights for blacks???????

10. Johnson ----- • Restoration---- • Amnesty --- for allegiance • Individual pardons--- land worth 20,000 or high ranking Confed officials • Provisional gov • Revoke Ordinance Secession abolish slavery, 13th , send rep to congress

11. Radical Reconstruction • Presidential • Congress reconvenes – refuse to seat “restored states” • Congressional Reconstruction • 3 bills • Tenn and 14th readmitted • Combine rest into 5 military districts • Register black voters , whites did not participate in rebellion • 15 –

12. Tension • Tenure of Office –stop messing with our plan • Can not remove civil officials with Senate approval ‘ • Command of the Army Act--- prohibited president issuing military orders except through general of army

13. Reconstruction governments in the South • Scalawags--- southern white republicans • Serve economic interests better than Democrats • Carpetbaggers (rep) --- well educated middle class • Some Union Army – South is a new adventure • Freed men (rep)

14. Summary • The leadership of the old plantation-slave-owning aristocracy was undermined. • The Republican Radicals didn’t understand degree to which Southern conservatives could conspire to flout laws. • The political leadership was insufficient to meet challenges. Some historians feel the radicals were not radical enough; others still thing they went too far too fast. 

15. Summary • There was hope during Reconstruction—many understood the problems and worked at them, but many goals were unrealized. • Black leadership in the South did not fully understand the land problem. Many were middle class, not connected to agriculture. The former free Southern Blacks didn’t fully appreciate the problems of the freedmen

16. Summary