OPS 571 Extraordinary Success |tutorialrank.com

1. OPS 571 Assignment CriticalPath For more course tutorialsvisit www.tutorialrank.com Observe the critical path diagram. Why are there two arrows pointing to taskF? Why is the critical path shown as A-B-E-G-I? How is the critical pathdefined? What would happen if activity F was revised to take 4 days instead of2days? ..................................................................................................................... ......................................... OPS 571 Assignment Operations Forecasting (2Set) For more course tutorialsvisit www.tutorialrank.com This Tutorial contains 2 Set ofPapers Purpose ofAssignment The purpose of this assignment is for students to learn how to apply Operations Forecasting. AssignmentSteps

2. Resources: Microsoft®Excel® • Select a business operations dataset from the internet or other sources which can be used for forecasting in the UniversityLibrary. • Develop a minimum of three quantitative forecasts using Microsoft®Excel®. • Compare and contrast each quantitative forecast youdevelop. • Choose the one forecast you determine would be the best for the firm and be prepared to explain why you chosethis. • Evaluate the impact this forecast would have on the firm from a financial metricsstandpoint. • Develop a 700-word report in which you describe your forecasting project including details on all the assignmentsteps. • Format your assignment consistent with APA guidelines. Click the Assignment Files tab to submit yourassignment. • ..................................................................................................................... • ......................................... • OPS 571 Assignment Week 5 OperationsForecasting (Fork and HoeCompany) • For more course tutorialsvisit www.tutorialrank.com Purpose ofAssignment

3. The purpose of this assignment is for students to learn how to apply Operations Forecasting. • AssignmentSteps • Resources: Microsoft®Excel® • Select a business operations dataset from the internet or other sources which can be used for forecasting in the UniversityLibrary. • Develop a minimum of three quantitative forecasts using Microsoft®Excel®. • Compare and contrast each quantitative forecast youdevelop. • Choose the one forecast you determine would be the best for the firm and be prepared to explain why you chosethis. • Evaluate the impact this forecast would have on the firm from a financial metricsstandpoint. • Develop a 700-word report in which you describe your forecasting project including details on all the assignmentsteps. • Format your assignment consistent with APA guidelines. Click the Assignment Files tab to submit yourassignment. • ..................................................................................................................... • ......................................... • OPS 571 Assignment Week 5 OperationsForecasting (Tesla) For more course tutorials visit

4. www.tutorialrank.com • Purpose ofAssignment • The purpose of this assignment is for students to learn how to apply Operations Forecasting. • AssignmentSteps • Resources: Microsoft®Excel® • Select a business operations dataset from the internet or other sources which can be used for forecasting in the UniversityLibrary. • Develop a minimum of three quantitative forecasts using Microsoft®Excel®. • Compare and contrast each quantitative forecast youdevelop. • Choose the one forecast you determine would be the best for the firm and be prepared to explain why you chosethis. • Evaluate the impact this forecast would have on the firm from a financial metricsstandpoint. • Develop a 700-word report in which you describe your forecasting project including details on all the assignmentsteps. • Format your assignment consistent with APA guidelines. Click the Assignment Files tab to submit yourassignment. • ..................................................................................................................... • ......................................... • OPS 571 Entire Course (With New Final Guide)

5. For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com OPS 571 Final Exam Guide New 2017 (Score30/30) OPS 571 Week 1 Assignment Flowchart Improvement Process (2 Papers) OPS 571 Week 2 Assignment Statistical Process Control Methods OPS 571 Week 3 Individual Assignment Lean Techniques (2Papers) OPS 571 Week 3 Team Six Sigma Yellow Belt Training (2 PPT) OPS 571 Week 4 Assignment Operations Consulting (2PPT) OPS 571 Assignment Operations Forecasting (2 Set) OPS 571 Assignment Critical Path

6. OPS 571 Week 5 Team Six Sigma Yellow Belt Training Part II (2PPT) OPS 571 Week 6 Signature Assignment (2Papers) OPS 571 Week 1 DQ1 OPS 571 Week 1 DQ2 OPS 571 Week 2 DQ1 OPS 571 Week 2 DQ2 OPS 571 Week 3 DQ1 OPS 571 Week 4 DQ1 OPS 571 Week 4 DQ2 OPS 571 Week 5 DQ1 OPS 571 Week 5 DQ2 OPS 571 Week 6 DQ1 OPS 571 Week 6 DQ2 ..................................................................................................................... ......................................... OPS 571 Entire Course (Without FinalGuide) For more course tutorials visit

7. www.tutorialrank.com OPS 571 Week 1 Assignment Flowchart Improvement Process (2 Papers) OPS 571 Week 2 Assignment Statistical Process Control Methods OPS 571 Week 3 Individual Assignment Lean Techniques (2Papers) OPS 571 Week 3 Team Six Sigma Yellow Belt Training (2 PPT) OPS 571 Week 4 Assignment Operations Consulting (2 PPT) OPS 571 Assignment Operations Forecasting (2Set) OPS 571 Assignment CriticalPath OPS 571 Week 5 Team Six Sigma Yellow Belt Training Part II (2 PPT) OPS 571 Week 6 Signature Assignment (2Papers)

8. OPS 571 Week 1 DQ1 OPS 571 Week 1 DQ2 OPS 571 Week 2 DQ1 OPS 571 Week 2 DQ2 OPS 571 Week 3 DQ1 OPS 571 Week 4 DQ1 OPS 571 Week 4 DQ2 OPS 571 Week 5 DQ1 OPS 571 Week 5 DQ2 OPS 571 Week 6 DQ1 OPS 571 Week 6 DQ2 .................................................................................................................... .......................................... OPS 571 Final Exam Guide (April,2020) For more course tutorialsvisit www.tutorialrank.com

9. In Hau Lee's uncertainty framework to classify supply chains, a supply chain for functional products with a stable supply process is called which of thefollowing? Responsive Agile Efficient Riskhedging Forwardlooking If annual demand is 12,000 units, annual holding cost is $15 per unit, and setup cost per order is $25, which of the following is the EOQ lot size? 1,000 1,200 200 300 2,000 Matching the production rate to the order rate by hiring and laying off employees as the order rate varies is which of the following pure production planningstrategies?

10. Minimizinginventory Stable workforce, variable work hours Level Chase Meetingdemand Given a prior forecast demand value of 1,100, a related actual demand value of 1,000, and a smoothing constant alpha of 0.3, what is the exponential smoothing forecastvalue rev: 04_28_2014_QC_48598 1,130 970 1,000 1,070 1,030 Which of the following is not a problem definition tool from the operations consulting toolkit? Five forcesmodel

11. Gapanalysis Customersurveys Issuetrees Computersimulation A company must perform a maintenance project consisting of seven activities. The activities, their predecessors, and their respective time estimates are presentedhere: Using CPM, what is the latest finish time for the last activity in this project (i.e., the total time to complete theproject)? 12days 11days 10days 13days 9days

12. An activity where the parts that go into each unit of a product are periodically removed from inventory and accounted for based on the number of units produced is called which of thefollowing? Frozen window Kanban Backflush Levelschedule Grouptechnology According to the theory of constraints, which of the following is a kind of time that makes up the cycle time inproduction? Qualitytime Researchtime Break time Just-in-time Idletime Which of the following is a priority rule used to schedule the sequence of jobs in a productionoperation? Parts on handfirst

13. First on handfirst Last-come, first-served Longest slack time first Last complaintfirst Using the fixed-order-quantity model, which of the following is the total ordering cost of inventory given an annual demand of 36,000 units, a cost per order of $80, and a holding cost per unit per year of $4? $2,267 $849 $1,200 $1,889 $2,400 Which of the following is a perpetual system for inventory management? The wheel of inventory First-in-first-out Fixed-timeperiod

14. P model Fixed-orderquantity Which of the following address elimination of waste under lean production? Outsourced housekeeping Backflush Quality at the source Bottom-roundmanagement Info-matic warehouse networks Which of the following is a reason that there are disparities between a firm's learning curve rate and that of itsindustry? Learning curves don't reflect organizationallearning. There may be procedural differences in the manner that different firms collect and reportdata. Companies don't always report sensitive data to outside agencies accurately. The starting points for different firms were different. The cumulative number of units produced isdifferent.

15. For which of the following should we use an X-bar chart based on sample means to monitor processquality? Grades in a freshman "pass/fail" course Number of units with missing operations Tire pressures in an auto assemblyplant Vehicles passing emissions inspection Computer softwareerrors Which of the following are the three major components of a queuing system? rev:02_17_2017_QC_CS-79354 The number of customers the system serves, the number of steps in the service system, and how quickly customers exit thesystem The number of servers, the service speed, and the waitingline The number of customers and how they arrive, how customers exit the system, and the servicesystem The service speed, the queue discipline, and the waitingline The source population, how customers exit the system, and the queuing discipline

16. Which of the following basic types of process structures is one in which equipment or work processes are arranged according to the progressive steps by which the product ismade? Assembly line Continuousprocess Work center Project Manufacturingcell Which of the following is one of the three contrasting approaches to delivering on-siteservice? Production-line approach Qualityapproach Professional approach Stock marketapproach Retailapproach

17. Which of the following is a measure of operations and supply management efficiency used by WallStreet? Current ratio Receivable turnover Financialleverage Earnings per sharegrowth Dividend payout ratio When a company seeks to match the benefits of a successful position while maintaining its existing position in offering customers a variety of differing services, what is this processcalled? Inter-functional analysis Orderqualifying Orderwinning Straddling Operations capabilityanalysis Which of the following is a total measure of productivity? Output/(Labor + Capital +Energy) Output/Labor

18. All ofthese Output/Materials Output/Inputs In the service-system design matrix, a face-to-face total customization service encounter is expected to have which of thefollowing? Low degree of customer/server contact None ofthese Low production efficiency High production efficiency Low salesopportunity We would expect to see in a manufacturing cell layout which of the following? None ofthese Long production setuptimes Large teams who collectively do a small part of a finished product A small team of workers who turn out complete units of work More in-processinventory

19. Which of the following is a major factor that distinguishes service design and development from manufacturing design anddevelopment? Capacity decisions are much more critical in manufacturing operations. Manufacturing is far more capital intensive thanservices. The service process and service product can be developed independently. The service package has the same legal protection available to manufacturedgoods. The service package is the major output of the developmentprocess. The customer order decoupling point determines the position of what in the supplychain? Orders Transportation facilities Inventory Customers

20. Manufacturingfacilities Machine breakdown and repair in a 12-machine factory having one repair mechanic would develop which type of queuing system line structure concerning machinebreakdowns? Single channel, single phase None of these Multichannel, single phase Single channel, multiphase Multichannel, multiphase Assume the service rate for a queue in a truck-loading operation is 2 trucks per hour. Using the infinite queuing notion for the models presented in the textbook, which of the following is the average service time? 0.25hour 0.5hour 2 hours 1hour None ofthese

21. An assumption of learning curve theory is which of thefollowing? Unit time will decrease at a decreasing rate. Unit time will holdconstant. Unit time will increase at an increasing rate. Unit time will increase at a decreasing rate. Unit time will decrease at an increasingrate. The unit improvement factor for a 60 percent learning curve at 25 units is 0.0933. The first and second timings of a person doing a job are 5 minutes and 3 minutes respectively. Which of the following is the learning-adjusted time estimate for unit number25? 0.0933minute 9.33 minutes 3 minutes 4.665 minutes 0.4665minute For which of the following should we use a p-chart to monitor process quality? Letter grades on a final examination Temperature of entrees in arestaurant

22. Weight errors in cans ofsoup Errors in the length of a pencil Defective electricalswitches You have been called in as a consultant to set up a Kanban control system. The first thing to do is to determine the number of Kanban card sets needed. Your research shows that the expected demand during lead time for a particular component is 150 per hour. You estimate the safety stock should be set at 25 percent of the demand during lead time. The tote trays used as containers can hold 8 units of stock, and the lead time it takes to replenish an order is 2 hours. Which of the following is the number of Kanban card sets necessary to support thissituation? 94 68 42 47 89 Which of the following is a fixed-order-quantity inventory model? P model Periodic replenishment model The ABCmodel Economic order quantitymodel

23. Cycle countingmodel Using the fixed-order-quantity model, which of the following is the total ordering cost of inventory given an annual demand of 36,000 units, a cost per order of $80, and a holding cost per unit per year of$4? $1,889 $2,267 $849 $2,400 $1,200 Assume there are five jobs (i.e., A, B, C, D, and E) that need to be sequenced in a production schedule. The remaining operating time necessary for completion of job A is 4 days (i.e., job A will take 4 more days to complete), B will take 7 days, C will take 8 days, D will take 2 days, and E will take 5 days. Which job should be scheduled first if you use the SOT priority rule for jobsequencing? E B C D A

24. Which of the following is a "focusing step" of Dr. Eli Goldratt's theory ofconstraints? Reinforce systemconstraints. If you have no system constraints, make some. Identify systemconstraints. Reduce system constraints. Support system constraints In implementing a lean production system you should work with suppliers to do which of thefollowing? Make frequentdeliveries. Calculate lead times. Achieve bottom-round management. Freezewindows. Use qualitycircles. For an activity in a CPM analysis, the early finish time is 20 and the late finish time is 20. Which of the following statements istrue? The slack for this activity is20. The activity's late start must happen before its earlystart.

25. The activity is on the criticalpath. The duration of this task is 20. The duration of this task iszero. You have been placed in charge of a large project. Shortened communication lines are required to ensure quick resolution of problems as they arise. You recognize that the project is going to take a lot of time and require a lot of team pride, motivation, and commitment by all members. Which project management structure should you use in this situation? Pureproject PERT Task force Functionalproject Matrixproject Which of the following is not a principle ofreengineering? Capture information many times, at the source and where it is interpreted. Treat geographically dispersed resources as though they were centralized. Merge information processing work into the work that produces the information.

26. Link parallel activities instead of integrating theirresults. Organize around outcomes nottasks. Which of the following forecasting methodologies is considered a qualitative forecastingtechnique? Simple movingaverage Market research Exponential smoothing Linear regression Multipleregression A company wants to generate a forecast for unit demand for year 2014 using exponential smoothing. The actual demand in year 2013 was 120. The forecast demand in year 2013 was 110. Using these data and a smoothing constant alpha of 0.1, which of the following is the resulting year 2014 forecastvalue? 111 100 114 120 110

27. Maintaining a stable workforce working at a constant output rate while shortages and surpluses are absorbed by fluctuating inventory levels, order backlogs, and allowing lost sales is which of the following production planningstrategies? Fullemployment Stable workforce, variable work hours Skillmaintenance Level Chase What are two of the main objectives of ERP? Transaction processing and logistic optimizing Resource tracking and master schedule planning Product tracking and customer invoicing Transaction processing and decisionsupport If the best operating level of a piece of equipment is at a rate of 400 units per hour and the actual output during an hour is 300 units, which of the following is the capacitycushion? 133percent 25 percent

28. 100 units perhour 125percent 75 percent Under the lot-for-lot (L4L) lot sizing technique as used in MRP, we would expect which of thefollowing? A consistent lag of supply behind demand Minimized carryingcosts Minimized setup costs Minimized qualityproblems A just-in-time managementphilosophy A product tree can do which of thefollowing? Help to compute component usage. Reduce productscrap. Reduce regular time labor. Locate raw material supplies. Reduce laborovertime.

29. Very few products are moved without at least part of their journey being by which mode oftransportation? Rail Highway Pipeline Water Air In Hau Lee's uncertainty framework to classify supply chains, a supply chain for innovative products with an evolving supply process is called which of thefollowing? Responsive Efficient Agile Risk hedging Forwardlooking 1. Which of the following is a measure of operations and supply management efficiency used by WallStreet? Dividend payoutratio

30. Receivableturnover Current ratio Financialleverage Earnings per sharegrowth 2. An activity-system map is which of thefollowing? A diagram that shows how a company's strategy is delivered to customers A timeline displaying major planned events A network guide to routeairlines A facility layout schematic noting what is done where A listing of activities that make up aproject 3. Which of the following is a total measure of productivity? Output/Materials Output/Labor

31. Output/(Labor + Capital +Energy) All of these Output/Inputs 4. Which of the following approaches to service design is characterized by having the customer take a greater role in the production of theservice? Quality approach Self-serviceapproach Production-line approach Do-it-yourselfapproach Personal-attentionapproach 5. Which of the following basic types of production layout formats is one that has similar equipment or functions are groupedtogether? Workcenter layout Production line layout Group technologylayout

32. Manufacturing celllayout Assembly linelayout 6. Which of the following is a characteristic that can be used to guide the design of servicesystems? Services are all similar. Services cannot beinventoried. Services businesses are inherently entrepreneurial. Even service businesses have internalservices. Quality work means qualityservice. 7. An advantage of a make-to-stock process is which of the following? All units of output areunique. It features rapid delivery of a standard product. It combines the best features of other processes. It responds directly to customerorders.

33. It allows the firm to avoid inventorycosts. 8. Getting an autograph from a famous person might involve standing in which type of queuing linestructure? Single channel, single phase None ofthese Single channel, multiphase Multichannel, multiphase Multichannel, singlephase 9. For an infinite queuing situation, if the arrival rate for loading trucks is 5 trucks per hour, what is the mean time betweenarrivals? 2.5hours 5hours 0.2hour 0.1 hour None ofthese 10.

34. An assumption of learning curve theory is which of thefollowing? Organizational learning is not included in learningtheory. The time required to do a task will vary randomly each time the task is repeated. Unit time will decrease at an increasing rate. Learning will not be transferred from one worker to the next. The reduction in unit time will follow a predictablepattern. 11. A company's production process has an 80 percent learning curve rate. The process has produced 1,000 units to date. A process refinement is estimated to allow a future learning curve rate for the identical product of 75 percent. However, the initial unit made using the new process will take the same amount of time as the initial unit produced using the old process. At what point, using the new process, will the production rate exceed the production rate achieved by the oldprocess? Before the 100thunit Before the 120thunit Before the 80th unit Before the 50th unit Before the 250thunit

35. 12. For which of the following should we use a p-chart to monitor process quality? Grades in a freshman "pass/fail" course Temperatures in aclassroom The dimensions of brick entering akiln The weight of fluid in a container Lengths of boards cut in amill 13. You have been called in as a consultant to set up a Kanban control system. The first thing to do is to determine the number of Kanban card sets needed. Your research shows that the expected demand during lead time for a particular component is 150 per hour. You estimate the safety stock should be set at 25 percent of the demand during lead time. The tote trays used as containers can hold 8 units of stock, and the lead time it takes to replenish an order is 2 hours. Which of the following is the number of Kanban card sets necessary to support thissituation? 42 68 89 47

36. 94 14. Which of the following is a fixed-time-period inventory model? Just-in-timemodel The EOQ model Periodic systemmodel The Qmodel The least costmethod 15. A company is planning for its financing needs and uses the basic fixed- order-quantity inventory model. Which of the following is the total cost (TC) of the inventory given an annual demand of 10,000, setup costof $32, a holding cost per unit per year of $4, an EOQ of 400 units, and a cost per unit of inventory of$150? None ofthese $1,501,600 $1,498,200 $499,313 $500,687

37. A. $1,501,600 Q = 400. Average Inventory = Q/2 = 200. Holding cost/year = $4. Thus, annual holding cost = $800. Annual set-up cost = 10,000/400 = 25 x$32 = 800. Demand x cost per unit = 10,000 x $150 = 1,500,000. Hence,TC = $1,500,000 + 800 + 800 =$1,501,600. 16. Which of the following is a principle of work center scheduling? Reschedule everyday. Once started, a job can and should be finished even if unavoidably interrupted. Assign the first worker to all of the days that require staffing. Achieve certainty in standards androutings. Give work centers less to do then theirmaximum. 17. Which of the following is a "focusing step" of Dr. Eli Goldratt's theory ofconstraints? Identify systemconstraints. Support systemconstraints.

38. If you have no system constraints, makesome. Reduce system constraints. Reinforce systemconstraints. 18. In designing a lean production facility layout, a designer should do which of thefollowing? Locate flexible workstations offline. Balance capacity using job shop analysis. Design for work flowbalance. Always keep operations on a single floor of the factory. Link operations through a pushsystem. 19. A simple project listing of five activities and their respective time estimates are presentedhere: Using CPM, which activities make up the criticalpath? None ofthese

39. A, B, D,E A, D,E A, C, B, D,E A, C, D,E 20. A company must perform a maintenance project consisting of seven activities. The activities, their predecessors, and their respective time estimates are presentedhere: Using CPM, which activities make up the criticalpath? A, C, B, F,E None ofthese A, B, D, F,G A, C, E, F,G A, D,E 21.

40. Which of the following is not a problem definition tool from the operations consulting toolkit? Issuetrees Five forces model Computer simulation Customer surveys Gapanalysis 22. Which of the following is not one of the basic types of forecasting? Simulation Causalrelationships Qualitative Time seriesanalysis Force fieldanalysis 23. A company has actual unit demand for three consecutive years of 124, 126, and 135. The respective forecasts for the same three years are 120, 120, and 130. Which of the following is the resulting MAD value that can be computed from thesedata? 3

41. 1 15 123 5 C MAD = ABS[(124 - 120) + (126 - 120) + (135 - 130)]/3 = 15/3 = 5. 24. From an operational perspective, yield management is most effective under which of the followingcircumstances? Inventory isperishable. The firm doing yield management is very profitable. Demand cannot be segmented bycustomer. Fixed costs are low, and variable costs are high. The customer is a "captive" of thesystem. 25. What is transactionprocessing? The decision support system used to efficiently handle multiple transactions The movement of paperwork through a system using a decisiontree

42. The scheduling of machinery to minimize time andscrap The posting and tracking of the detailed activities of abusiness 26. If the actual output of a piece of equipment during an hour is 500 units and its best operating level is at a rate of 400 units per hour, which of the following is the capacity utilization rate? 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.33 100 27. Which of the following is an input to the master production schedule (MPS)? Planned order schedules The bill ofmaterials The aggregate plan The exception report Inventory recordsfile

43. 28. Which of the following is considered a primary report in an MRP system? Cycle counting reports Performance reports Planned orderschedules Planning reports Exceptionreports 29. The centroid method for plant location uses which of the following data? Probabilities and payoffs Correlation matrix of existingfacilities Volume of goods to be shipped between existing points Inbound transportationcosts Transport times betweenfacilities

44. 30. In Hau Lee's uncertainty framework to classify supply chains, a supply chain for functional products with an evolving supply process is called which of thefollowing? Responsive Forward looking Efficient Riskhedging Agile ..................................................................................................................... ......................................... OPS 571 Final Exam Guide (New,2020) For more course tutorialsvisit www.tutorialrank.com In Hau Lee's uncertainty framework to classify supply chains, a supply chain for functional products with a stable supply process is called which of thefollowing? Responsive Agile Efficient Riskhedging

45. Forwardlooking If annual demand is 12,000 units, annual holding cost is $15 per unit, and setup cost per order is $25, which of the following is the EOQ lot size? 1,000 1,200 200 300 2,000 Matching the production rate to the order rate by hiring and laying off employees as the order rate varies is which of the following pure production planningstrategies? Minimizinginventory Stable workforce, variable work hours Level Chase Meetingdemand

46. Given a prior forecast demand value of 1,100, a related actual demand value of 1,000, and a smoothing constant alpha of 0.3, what is the exponential smoothing forecastvalue rev: 04_28_2014_QC_48598 1,130 970 1,000 1,070 1,030 Which of the following is not a problem definition tool from the operations consulting toolkit? Five forcesmodel Gapanalysis Customersurveys Issuetrees Computersimulation

47. A company must perform a maintenance project consisting of seven activities. The activities, their predecessors, and their respective time estimates are presentedhere: Using CPM, what is the latest finish time for the last activity in this project (i.e., the total time to complete theproject)? 12days 11days 10days 13days 9days An activity where the parts that go into each unit of a product are periodically removed from inventory and accounted for based on the number of units produced is called which of thefollowing? Frozen window Kanban Backflush Levelschedule

48. Grouptechnology According to the theory of constraints, which of the following is a kind of time that makes up the cycle time inproduction? Quality time Researchtime Break time Just-in-time Idletime Which of the following is a priority rule used to schedule the sequence of jobs in a productionoperation? Parts on hand first First on hand first Last-come, first-served Longest slack time first Last complaintfirst

49. Using the fixed-order-quantity model, which of the following is the total ordering cost of inventory given an annual demand of 36,000 units, a cost per order of $80, and a holding cost per unit per year of$4? $2,267 $849 $1,200 $1,889 $2,400 Which of the following is a perpetual system for inventory management? The wheel of inventory First-in-first-out Fixed-timeperiod P model Fixed-order quantity Which of the following address elimination of waste under lean production? Outsourcedhousekeeping

50. Backflush Quality at the source Bottom-roundmanagement Info-matic warehousenetworks Which of the following is a reason that there are disparities between a firm's learning curve rate and that of itsindustry? Learning curves don't reflect organizationallearning. There may be procedural differences in the manner that different firms collect and reportdata. Companies don't always report sensitive data to outside agencies accurately. The starting points for different firms were different. The cumulative number of units produced isdifferent. For which of the following should we use an X-bar chart based on sample means to monitor processquality? Grades in a freshman "pass/fail" course Number of units with missingoperations Tire pressures in an auto assemblyplant