完形填空专题讲解

1. 完形填空专题讲解 北京四中 孙玲

2. 一、完型填空考察内容 • 二、完型填空解题思路 • 三、完形填空考场应试技巧 • 四、例题解析 • 五、日常训练建议

3. 一、 完型填空考察内容 • 1、语法结构所要求的功能词，如连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等。 • 2、具有语法变化的普通词，如动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的级等。 • 3、固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。 • 4、同义词、近义词等易混淆词。 • 5、根据上、下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。

4. 二、完型填空解题思路 1、词义辨析 2、上下文 3、人物情感

5. 1、词义辨析 • 关于动词—— 单词、词组，首先要消化考试说明，在完型中常有出现 • 关于名词—— 多联系上下文 • 关于形容词、副词—— 多联系上下文及情感 • 关于介词—— 主要是词组意思的掌握积累

6. Eg.1 v. • Then she gave the paper to her dog and said, “____ this to the butcher, and he’s going to give your lunch today.” • A. Take B. Bring C. Get D. Carry

7. Eg.1 v. • Then she gave the paper to her dog and said, “____ this to the butcher, and he’s going to give your lunch today.” • A.Take B.Bring C.Get D.Carry • 解析：take 带走，带去 bring 带来 get 得到，取得 carry 携带（病毒），带着

8. Eg.2 v. • Signing is not just ___ with the hands. Expression on the face are also important. • A. made B. done • C. given D. chosen

9. Eg.2 v. • Signing is not just ___ with the hands. Expression on the face are also important. • A. made B. done • C. given D. chosen • 解析：联想—— • do shopping, do cleaning do signing依此而得

10. Eg.3 n. • 新同学Inez是个聋人，同学们为了欢迎她的到来努力学手语。 • When Inez first entered the classroom, she looked nervous. But the students signed,“ Good morning, Inez.” She gave the class a big smile and signed back,“ What a wonderful ____ !” • A. welcome B. congratulation • C. progress D. success

11. Eg.3 n. • 新同学Inez是个聋人，同学们为了欢迎她的到来努力学手语。 • When Inez first entered the classroom, she looked nervous. But the students signed,“ Good morning, Inez.” She gave the class a big smile and signed back,“ What a wonderful ____ !” • A. welcome B. congratulation • C. progress D. success • 解析：关于名词、形容词和副词，最主要的还是联系上下文，词义辨析是其次。在这种时候，一定要体会人物情感，名词、形容词和副词的辨析偏主观一点。

12. Eg.4 adj. • Before entering the plane, she looked up at the sky. It was ____ and blue. “ What a beautiful day to fly.” • A. clean B. cloudy C. clear D. sunny • 解析：clean 干净的 cloudy 多云的 • clear 晴朗的（形容天空）；清楚的 • sunny 晴朗的（形容天气） 首先我们要找到该词形容的东西，依此确定形容词（别忘了联系人物心情）

13. Eg.4 adj. • Before entering the plane, she looked up at the sky. It was ____ and blue. “ What a beautiful day to fly.” • A. clean B. cloudy C. clear D. sunny • 解析：clean 干净的 cloudy 多云的 • clear 晴朗的（形容天空）；清楚的 • sunny 晴朗的（形容天气） 首先我们要找到该词形容的东西，依此确定形容词（别忘了联系人物心情）

14. Eg.5 prep. • Many people do not understand how much water the human body needs ____ work and many people do not drink enough especially in hot weather. • A. at B. in C. on D. with

15. Eg.5 prep. • Many people do not understand how much water the human body needs ____ work and many people do not drink enough especially in hot weather. • A. at B. in C. on D. with • 解析：at work 在工作 介词方面，最重要的还是掌握一些常用介词的用法，如at, with, from, for, of, above, over各自的意思、相近处、不同点，这样即使不知道一些词组的意思，根据介词本身，也可以尽量分析出来

16. 2、上下文 • 结合上下文推测答案是完型填空考察重点，要有耐心，通读全文后再完成这些填空任务会提高准确率。

17. Eg.1 （1） Modern students usually have many ______ . They love music and sports. They like reading and watching TV. A. books B. interests C. sports D. friends

18. Eg.1 （1） Modern students usually have many ______ . They love music and sports. They like reading and watching TV. A. books B. interests C. sports D. friends

19. Eg.2 • Then they put him on a plane and took him to _______. The plane put him down and went away. There were no houses or people in this place . But there were lots of animals －－and lots of wolves. • A.a small town B.a big city • C.a far place D.a lonely village

20. Eg.2 • Then they put him on a plane and took him to _______. The plane put him down and went away. There were no houses or people in this place . But there were lots of animals －－and lots of wolves. • A.a small town B.a big city • C.a far place D.a lonely village

21. Eg.2 • My sister Alice and I sat down in front of the fire and wrote a ______ to Father Christmas, telling him about all the presents we received .We carefully posted the letter to “Father Christmas, the North pole” • A.card B.letter • C.diary D.composition

22. Eg.2 • My sister Alice and I sat down in front of the fire and wrote a ______ to Father Christmas, telling him about all the presents we received .We carefully posted the letter to “Father Christmas, the North pole” • A.card B.letter • C.diary D.composition

23. Eg.3 • By bedtime all of the children were very _______.As soon as Mom turned off the light, we all fell into a deep sleep. • A.hungry B.tired • C.excited D.surprised

24. Eg.3 • By bedtime all of the children were very _______.As soon as Mom turned off the light, we all fell into a deep sleep. • A.hungry B.tired • C.excited D.surprised

25. 3、人物情感 • 1 寻找关键词（语言/动作/表情……） • 2 联系上下文 • 3 心临其境

26. 故事梗概：两个拿错了鞋的女人和一个倒霉的倍受煎熬的鞋匠的故事。故事梗概：两个拿错了鞋的女人和一个倒霉的倍受煎熬的鞋匠的故事。 …she called him. “Thank goodness, you at last called,”he said ______.“An angry woman has been troubling me for months.” A angrily B sadly C excitedly D quietly

27. 故事梗概：两个拿错了鞋的女人和一个倒霉的倍受煎熬的鞋匠的故事。故事梗概：两个拿错了鞋的女人和一个倒霉的倍受煎熬的鞋匠的故事。 …she called him. “Thank goodness, you at last called,”he said ______.“An angry woman has been troubling me for months.” A angrily B sadly C excitedly D quietly

28. 故事梗概：一个因过度紧张而忘记如何拼写自己名字而干着急的孩子的故事。故事梗概：一个因过度紧张而忘记如何拼写自己名字而干着急的孩子的故事。 I turned to the blackboard and lifted my hand to write, but then I was blank again. I tried to collect my senses but I could remember nothing. I realized how totally I was failing and I grew ______ and leaned my hot forehead against the cold blackboard. A angry B strong C quiet D weak

29. 故事梗概：一个因过度紧张而忘记如何拼写自己名字而干着急的孩子的故事。故事梗概：一个因过度紧张而忘记如何拼写自己名字而干着急的孩子的故事。 I turned to the blackboard and lifted my hand to write, but then I was blank again. I tried to collect my senses but I could remember nothing. I realized how totally I was failing and I grew ______ and leaned my hot forehead against the cold blackboard. A angry B strong C quiet D weak

30. 三、完形填空考场应试技巧 • 1）、用1至2分钟的时间快读全文，快读全文是为了把握文章的大意和中心，把握文章发展的基本线索。快读中，可以不管空格，或只填写很有把握的三四个空格，对多数空格内容做一大概的猜测即可。 • 2）、二次阅读时，填全空格。要有整体观，要瞻前顾后，先易后难。做题时，文章首句和尾句要特别注意，前者往往是文章全貌的窗口，后者往往是起画龙点睛作用和总结性句子；先易后难指的是没有把握的选项就空着，不可主观判断，草草选上一个充数，事实上，文章最前面的空格碰到的问题很有可能要到文章的末尾才能找到答案。 • 3）、检查一下填空以后的文章是否连贯，情节是否合理，语法结构是否正确。 • 4）、对于个别难度较大的选项，这种选项往往是同义词语，不容易辨别出它们之间的细微差别，则要凭自己的第一感觉，这和胡猜是两码事，这里是用语感在做选择。

31. 四、例题解析 • “Ring… ring…” the telephone suddenly rang. Sam got up to  1   the call. It was his aunt. “Sam,  2   are you still at home?” she asked surprisingly. Sam 1ooked at the clock. It was already 7:30 a. m. “Oh, my goodness! There’s an important   3   today,” Sam shouted out. He hurried to wash his face and get   4  . • 1.A. find  B. give  C. put D. answer2.A. why    B. how    C. when  D. where3.A. talk   B. party  C. exam  D. meeting4.A. tired  B. lost   C. dressedD. rested

32. “Ring… ring…” the telephone suddenly rang. Sam got up to  1   the call. It was his aunt. “Sam,  2   are you still at home?” she asked surprisingly. Sam 1ooked at the clock. It was already 7:30 a. m. “Oh, my goodness! There’s an important   3   today,” Sam shouted out. He hurried to wash his face and get   4  . • 1.A. find  B. give  C. put D. answer2.A. why    B. how    C. when  D. where3.A. talk   B. party  C. exam  D. meeting4.A. tired  B. lost   C. dressedD. rested

33. When he was going to leave the house, he  5   that he had not put away his books. He ran quickly to the  6   and put them into the bag. He then went to the bus stop to go to school as  7   as he could. When he got into the classroom, his classmates were  8   writing.“Why are you so   9  ?” asked the teacher.“I’m sorry, sir,” Sam answered, afraid of looking   10  . • 5.A.forgot  B.remembered   C.understood D. thought6.A. classroom  B.desk     C.bus        D. door7.A. carefully  B.quietly  C.early      D. fast8.A. worried    B.free     C.busy       D. careful9.A. 1ate       B.ill      C.lonely     D. ready10.A. down      B.up       C.out        D. back

34. When he was going to leave the house, he  5   that he had not put away his books. He ran quickly to the  6   and put them into the bag. He then went to the bus stop to go to school as  7   as he could. When he got into the classroom, his classmates were  8   writing.“Why are you so   9  ?” asked the teacher.“I’m sorry, sir,” Sam answered, afraid of looking   10  . • 5.A.forgot  B.remembered   C.understood D. thought6.A. classroom  B.desk     C.bus        D. door7.A. carefully  B.quietly  C.early      D. fast8.A. worried    B.free     C.busy       D. careful9.A. 1ate       B.ill      C.lonely     D. ready10.A. down      B.up       C.out        D. back

35. “It was my clock.. It 11  to wake me up this morning and ....” “Don't say anything about it,”his teacher 12  him.“Don’t try to come late next time!” Sam said yes and walked to his 13  quickly. But when he tried to do the paper, he could not 14  in a right way. He put his head on the desk and said,“What a 15  day it has been for me!” • 11.A.happened  B.stopped  C. failed  D. pointed12.A.helped  B. knew    C. followed D. stopped13.A.room      B. table   C. seat     D. teacher14.A.think     B. sit     C. turn     D. speak15.A.short    B. bad     C. happy    D. usual

36. “It was my clock.. It 11  to wake me up this morning and ....” “Don't say anything about it,”his teacher 12  him.“Don’t try to come late next time!” Sam said yes and walked to his 13  quickly. But when he tried to do the paper, he could not 14  in a right way. He put his head on the desk and said,“What a 15  day it has been for me!” • 11.A.happened  B.stopped  C. failed  D. pointed12.A.helped  B. knew    C. followed D. stopped13.A.room      B. table   C. seat     D. teacher14.A.think     B. sit     C. turn     D. speak15.A.short    B. bad     C. happy    D. usual

37. 五、日常训练建议 • 1. 日常训练要坚持 • 2. 应试过程讲技巧 • 3. 考后反思多总结 • 4. 多读美文赏妙词

38. Thanks for listening!