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Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development. EDU 251 Fall 2014. Piaget was interested in the study of knowledge in children. He administered Binet’s IQ test in Paris and observed that children’s answers were qualitatively different.

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Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

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  1. Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development EDU 251 Fall 2014

  2. Piaget was interested in the study of knowledge in children. He administered Binet’s IQ test in Paris and observed that children’s answers were qualitatively different. Piaget’s theory is based on the idea that the developing child builds cognitive structures (schemes used to understand and respond to physical environment). The Beginning

  3. Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development • Cognition: How people think & Understand. • Piaget developed four stages to his theory of cognitive development: • Sensorimotor Stage • Pre-Operational Stage • Concrete Operational Stage • Formal Operational Stage.

  4. From birth to approximately 2 years The child relies on touching, feeling and using his senses to find out about the world Begins with reflexive responding and ends with using symbols Object permanence The Sensorimotor Stage

  5. Object Permanence • The differentiation in the sensorimotor stage that objects and other people continue to exist outside the infant’s perception. • Forerunner of perceptual constancy

  6. From approximately 2 to 7 years Two substages Preconceptual (2-4 years) Intuituve (4-7 years) Children use symbols but are many errors in thinking Egocentrism: The inability to distinguish between one’s own perspective and someone else’s perspective. Centration: Focusing on one characteristic to the exclusion of others Confuse appearance and reality (lack Conservation) The Preoperational Stage

  7. Conservation • The ability to understand that quantities of objects continue to have the same amount of length, substance, number, etc. if only the form has changed.

  8. From approximately 7 to 11 years Thinking based on mental operations (strategies and rules that make thinking more systematic and powerful) Operations can be reversed Focus on the real and concrete, not the abstract The Concrete Operational Stage

  9. From approximately 11 years to adulthood Adolescents can think hypothetically Use deductive reasoning The Formal Operational Stage

  10. According to Piaget, there are four interrelated factors which together help a child move from one stage to the next:

  11. Operations • Actions carried out mentally • Conservation • Reversibility • The realization that any change of position, shape, order, etc. can be reversed, i.e. returned to its original shape, position or order.

  12. Three Types of Knowledge

  13. Equilibrium • Assimilation • Accommodation

  14. Other Terms from Glossary • Animism • Cognitive Conflict • Disequilibrium • Overdifferentiation • Overgeneralization • Play (assimilation)

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