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Midterm Essay Review

This essay explores the rise to power and impact of Napoleon Bonaparte, Simon Bolivar, and Toussaint L'Ouverture during the Age of Napoleon. It examines how their actions were influenced by Enlightenment principles and revolutions in Europe and North America and the effects of their leadership on independence movements in Latin America, the abolition of feudal privileges, and the spread of Enlightenment ideals. The essay also discusses key turning points such as Napoleon's Invasion of Russia, wars for independence in Latin America, the Industrial Revolution, the Age of Imperialism, the Scramble for Africa, British colonial rule in India, and the Opium War in China.

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Midterm Essay Review

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  1. Midterm Essay Review People or Turning Points

  2. Napoleon Bonaparte (Age of Napoleon) • Comes to power at the end of the French Revolution (describe how) • Code Napoleon • Equal treatment under the law • Abolish feudal privileges • Public education • Advancement based upon merit • Napoleonic Wars • Spread of Enlightenment ideals • Rise of nationalism

  3. Simon Bolivar (Independence movements in Latin America) • Independence/nationalist leader • Helped to found Gran Colombia • Inspired by revolutions in Europe and North America • Inspired by Enlightenment principles • Creoles could not rule in colonies • Created independent Gran Colombia • Wanted to unify all of South America as one country but failed • Why?

  4. ToussaintL’Ouverture (movements for independence) • Independence leader for Haiti (against Napoleon’s France) • Former slave • Self-educated • Military leader • Inspired by Enlightenment principles and revolutions in Europe and North America • Ended slavery in Haiti • Helped to achieve independence (although he died in French prison before vision was fully realized)

  5. Turning Points SUGGESTIONS (Cause, events, effects/impact) • Napoleon’s Invasion of Russia • Wars for independence in Latin America • Industrial Revolution • Age of Imperialism • Scramble for Africa • British colonial rule in India (Sepoy Rebellion) • Opium War - China

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