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Explore the stages of socialization, from acquiring personal identity to anticipatory socialization. Learn about the role of family, peers, and television in shaping attitudes and behaviors. Discover how total institutions and reference groups influence resocialization.
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Use all of the following words to write a story: personalidentity identity anticipatory socialization stage change resocialization total institutions attitudes acquire desocialization cults voluntary behaviors reference group
Chapter 4.4 Processes of Socialization
Agents of Socialization PEOPLE, PLACES, AND THINGS THAT PLAY IMPORTANT ROLES OR HAVE SPECIAL MEANING ANDSIGNIFICANCE IN THE SOCIALIZATION PROCESS.LET’S EXAMINE A FEW
THE FAMILY • MOST IMPORTANT AGENT • CENTER OF A CHILD’S LIFE • PARENTAL ATTENTION IS VERY IMPORTANT • BONDING AND ENCOURAGEMENT • SOCIAL POSITION • RACE, CLASS, RELIGION • CULTURE CAPITAL • CHILDHOOD INHERITENCE
CONFRONT DIVERSITY • RACIAL CLUSTERING EARLY ON? • HIDDEN CURRICULUM • INFORMAL, COVERT LESSONS • INDIVIDUAL EVALUATION • RECORDKEEPING STARTS • GENDER SOCIALIZATION BEGINS • FROM GRADE SCHOOL THROUGH COLLEGE, GENDER-LINKED ACTIVITIES ARE ENCOUNTERED
DEVELOPING SENSE OF SELF THAT GOES BEYOND THE FAMILY • YOUNG AND OLD ATTITUDES AND THE “GENERATION GAP” • PEERS OFTEN GOVERN SHORT-TERM GOALS WHILE PARENTS MAINTAIN INFLUENCE OVER LONG-TERM PLANS • ANTICIPATORY SOCIALIZATION • PRACTICE AT WORKING TOWARD GAINING DESIRED POSITIONS
IMPERSONAL COMMUNICATION DIRECTED AT A VAST AUDIENCE • TELEVISIONS IN THE UNITED STATES. • 2/3rds OF HOUSEHOLDS SUBSCRIBE TO CABLE TELEVISION • IN 1999, 98% OF HOUSEHOLDS HAD AT LEAST ONE • HOW MUCH T.V. IN THE 1990s? • ON AVERAGE, 7 HOURS PER DAY, OR ONE-HALF OF THEIR FREE TIME IS SPENT IN FRONT OF THE TELEVSION • CONCERNS ABOUT CREATING IMAGES • VIOLENCE AND THE MASS MEDIA • DISABLING STEREOTYPE REINFORCEMENT • CLAIMS OF LIBERALISM IN THE MEDIA
Changing Socialization • Desocialization • removal of norms, values, attitudes, & behaviors • Total Institutions • Place where people are separated and isolated from society which is run by officials • Examples: • Prisons • Mental institutions • Cults • Military
Changing Socialization • Resocialization • Adopting new values, norms & behaviors • Done through rewards and punishments • Anticipatory Socialization • Preparing for a change • Use a reference group to get new norms