One of the nations largest 4 service utility providers . Electricity Natural Gas

1. Power Quality:A Closer Look Joe WatsonAPPA – Engineering & Operations Technical ConferenceApril 18, 2005

2. …just a few facts • One of the nations largest 4 service utility providers. Electricity Natural Gas Water Wastewater • 603,025 total customers for all combined services over 470 sq. miles. Electric = 194,369 customers • 1,978 employees for all 4 utilities. • Generate up to 77% of our own electricity (633 MW). • More than 2900 miles of distribution lines (70% ug vs. 25% nation avg) • More than 220 miles of transmission lines • 19 Transmission Substations, 40 Distribution Substations

3. Springs Utilities’ Customers • High Tech / R&D • Intel, Atmel, Honeywell, Kaman Science, LSI Logic, Lockheed Martin, Mitsui, Quantum, Ramtron, UTMC Aeroflex, Vitesse • Data/Call Centers • HP, MCI, Oracle, FedEx, Progressive Insurance, T Rowe Price, Qwest • Manufacturing • Western Forge, Metso Minerals, Schlage Lock • Military Installations • NORAD, Fort Carson Army Base, Peterson Air Force Base, Air Force Academy

4. Springs Utilities’ PQ History • BMI – 8010 PQ Nodes (1993) • Portable Monitoring • Metrosonic PA7, Metrosonic MR4, Dranetz 658, Dranetz-BMI Power Platform • SquareD - Power Logic (1998) • Power Measurement – ION (1999) • Enterprise Software • ION 7700 • ION 8500

5. Where to Monitor • Power Measurement - ION • Monitors at every transmission substation (115kV or 230kV but not 34.5kV) • 27 locations • Monitors at customer sites • Expand program to offer PQ monitoring service • 3 locations • Helps to troubleshoot Enhanced Service equipment such as Automatic Transfer and Static Transfer Switches

6. CommunicationChallenges • How do we communicate with meters? • RS232 • RS485 • Phone / Modem • Spread Spectrum radios • Internet

7. CommunicationChallenges • How do we communicate with meters? • RS232 • RS485 • Phone / Modem • Spread Spectrum radios • Internet

8. What to do withthe system? • Disturbance Paging • Disturbance Database • Fault Locating • Waveform Analysis • System Protection / Relaying • Preventative Maintenance • First Response

9. What to do withthe system? • Disturbance Paging • Page includes time stamp, device, magnitude and duration of event • Notify Enhanced Service Engineer on standby as well as other CS Utilities’ personnel. • Provide proactive response to most important customers. • Indicated a system-wide or isolated event.

10. What to do withthe system? • Disturbance Database • First used an Excel database but soon switched to Access • Data is qualified (ie. Was it really an event?) • Compare event with “Outage Database” and “Event Messanger” • The following data is logged: • Date/Time • Magnitude/Duration • Which phases were affected • Load affected • Event path • Cause category and description • Event location (grid x-y) • Protective Device which operated • Outage report number

11. What to do withthe system? • Disturbance Database • Hope to develop indices in order to help rank Capital and O&M projects Outage indexes: SAIFI - System Average Interruption Frequency Index (…how many outages in a year, interruptions/year) SAIDI - System Average Interruption Duration Index (…how many minutes in a year, minutes/year) CAIDI - Customer Average Interruption Duration Index (…how long each outage, minutes/interruption) RBM (Reliability Benchmarking Methodology) index: SARFI%V - System Average RMS Frequency Index Threshold (…how many sags/swells in a year, sags(or swells)/year at threshold level)

12. What to do withthe system? • Disturbance Database • Ranking Substations 12RM6 • 2004 data • 27 events • Zero sags outside ITIC 34NP13 • 2004 data • 56 events • 4 sags outside ITIC

13. What to do withthe system? • Disturbance Database • Ranking by category (all events below 90% nominal) • Could also be ranked below 80%, 70%, etc.

14. What to do withthe system? • Fault Locating • Use fault levels and phases to help troubleshoot

15. What to do withthe system? • Waveform Analysis • Use fault levels and phases to help troubleshoot

16. Delta/Wye Single phase fault will appear as a phase to phase fault What to do withthe system? • Waveform Analysis • Use fault levels and phases to help troubleshoot

17. What to do withthe system? • Waveform Analysis • Use fault levels and phases to help troubleshoot

18. Delta/Wye What to do withthe system? • System Protection and Relaying • Use fault levels to determine if protection worked as designed.

19. What to do withthe system? • Preventative Maintenance • Calculating fault on breakers to determine when maintenance is required. • Looking for trends or repetitive events.

20. What to do withthe system? • Preventative Maintenance

21. What to do withthe system? • Rapid Response • Economic Development in Colorado Springs has group of individuals from different departments (Fire, Police, Utilities, etc.) to provide information to companies interested in locating in Colorado Springs. • Many companies are interested in reliability data – outage AND power quality. • Customer meetings • Data is used to document events and discuss with customers.

22. 1A - 123 2A - 93 1A&B - 82 2001 to CurrentSummary of Disturbances

23. HV01A - 40 HV02A - 13 HV01 A&B - 3 2001 to CurrentSummary of Disturbances • Sag due to ATO transfer after event on feeder serving 1A. • Technician accidentally tripped ATO. • PT fuse failed in LS switchgear.

24. Oak Valley Oak Valley HV01A & HV02AExposure(since May 2001) Digital • North Plant – 36 events • 34NP2 – 13 • Platte bus – 1 • 12PL1 - 5 • 12PL2 - 7 • 34NP12 – 2 • 34NP14 - 1 • 34NP20 – 13 • 13HL1 – 7 • 13HL2 - 2 • 34NP24 – 2 • 12C2 – 1 • Rampart – 4 events • 34RM2 – 1 • 34RM3 – 3 • 12RV4 – 2 • 12RV5 – 1 Rusina Rampart Ind Prk Craigmoor Cust Sub North Plant Holland Park Platte

25. Questions?