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UNIT 2. Before It Was Georgia. Unit 2 VOCABULARY. Primary sources Secondary sources Archaeologists Artifact Atlatl Nomad Effigy Chiefdom Line of Demarcation La Florida Guale Mocama Charter Mercantilism Pilgrims. I. Understanding Our Ancient Past.
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UNIT 2 Before It Was Georgia
Unit 2 VOCABULARY • Primary sources • Secondary sources • Archaeologists • Artifact • Atlatl • Nomad • Effigy • Chiefdom • Line of Demarcation • La Florida • Guale • Mocama • Charter • Mercantilism • Pilgrims
I. Understanding Our Ancient Past Primary Sources Secondary Sources • First Hand Accounts of an event. • This includes interviews, newspapers, photographs, diaries and journals • These are considered more accurate. • Second hand accounts of events. • This includes textbooks, school teachers, and most internet sites. • These are usually not as accurate.
I. Understanding Our Ancient Past • In order to understand our past, archaeologists look at primary sources such as artifacts. These include pottery shards and projectile points. • They study pre-history (time before writing) • Video
II. Four Native Culture Periods • PALEO Period • 10,000 BC – 8,000 BC • Paleo means “very old” • People were nomads and moved around in small family groups to hunt large animals (Bison, mastodon, giant sloth). Foraged for berries and vegetables. • Used the large spear with a aclovispoint as well as the Atlatl. • Life expectancy was very low.
II. Four Native Culture Periods • ARCHAIC • 8,000 BC - 1,000 BC • Used the atlatl to hunt smaller animals. • Started to use pottery to preserve food (deer, bear, small game, vegetables, and various fish. • Burial of the dead using tools, body ornaments. • Semi permanent shelters.
II. Four Native Culture Periods • WOODLAND • 1,000 BC – 1,000AD • Used the bow and arrow to hunt deer and small game • Developed agriculture • Lived in sturdy houses • Created effigies (Rock Eagle) and burial mounds, ceremonial objects
II. Four Native Culture Periods • MISSISSIPPIAN • 1,000 AD – 1600 AD • Used Bow and arrow to hunt deer and small game. Also ate corn, beans and other veggies they planted • Lived near water and used advanced farming techniques • Used advanced religious ceremonies, burial mounds (Etowah Mounds!) with food and ceremonial objects • Lived in Chiefdoms • Video
III. European Exploration • Why explore? • Europeans were looking for a shorter and safer trade route to East Asia • They wanted Asian goods such as silk, tea, and spices
III. European Exploration • The Portuguese: • Bartholomew Dias – explored the coast of Africa and made it around the Cape of Good Hope. • Vasco de Gama – sailed around the coast of Africa and made it to Asia.
III. European Exploration • SPANISH • Christopher Columbus – thought he could find a trade route to the East and accidentally discovered America.
III. European Exploration • ENGLAND • John Cabot – explored the coast of North America including Canada and the location of the original 13 colonies.
III. European Exploration • FRANCE • Robert de la Salle – explored the Mississippi River and helped established Louisiana.
IV. European Colonization • Mercantilism – the belief that countries should export more than they import. • Countries wanted to take over as many of the world’s resources as possible
IV. European Colonization • Line of Demarcation – • Spain and Portugal signed the Treaty of Tordesillas which divided the world in two halves, giving Spain control of the New World.
IV. European Exploration • SPAIN • Juan Ponce de Leon – first European in the main land of the United States. Called the entire South Eastern United States “La Florida.” • Hernando de Soto – explored Georgia looking for gold. • Video • Lucas Vazquez de Ayllon- established the first settlement in Georgia. It failed. • Divided Georgia into Guale (North) and Mocama (South).
IV. European Colonization • ENGLAND • First settlement was Roanoke. It disappeared. • Established Jamestown. Eventually became Virginia. • Had the Pilgrims. • Established the 13 colonies (including Georgia)
IV. European Colonization • FRANCE • Tried to settle around Georgia unsuccessfully. • Established the Louisiana Territory.