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Household Hot Water. Hot Water consumption
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1. Hot Water and Solar Hot Water Dr. William J. Makofske
Sustainable Warwick
Warwick Town Hall
October 29, 2008
2. Household Hot Water Hot Water consumption – 20 gal per person per day
Daily basis for showers and baths, for washing dishes and clothes, as well as other purposes.
For a family of 4, it will consume around 200 gallons of oil a year (assuming a 70% efficiency).
About 25% of home energy consumption
Water is typically heated by a variety of fuels (oil, natural gas, propane) and also by electricity. All these methods use up valuable natural resources and create significant pollution.
Solar hot water is a viable option..
3. The First Step–Conservation & Efficiency Since solar hot water systems are not cheap, it makes economic sense to reduce hot water use and improve efficiency of use so that the solar system can be the smallest possible size to meet your needs.
Conservation and efficiency are usually the cheapest approaches to reducing energy use. Reduce Demand:
Low-flow shower heads
Add faucet aerators
Lower water-use clothes washers and dish washers
Take shorter showers
Reduce Heat Losses
Insulate hot water tank
Insulate hot water pipes
Efficient Technology
Efficient water heaters
On-demand water heaters
Solar water heaters
4. Solar Hot Water
Will supply about 75% of your hot water needs over the year if sized properly.
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Almost all solar hot water heaters use an auxiliary backup system when the sun is insufficient.
5. Other Applications of Similar Technology Pool heating
Space heating of buildings
Absorption air conditioning
Concentrating collectors for high temperature water for industry uses and for power production
6. Batch Water Heaters Batch water heater on a roof in Greece. Sun heats the tank in an enclosed insulated box with glazing. Greece has a non-freezing climate.
7. Thermosyphoning Systems in Greece The tank sits above the collectors. Hoses bring water to and from the tank. This is a non-freezing climate.