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CSI 769-001/PHYS 590-001 Solar Atmosphere Fall 2004

CSI 769-001/PHYS 590-001 Solar Atmosphere Fall 2004 Lecture 01 Sep. 01, 2004. Some Basics. Jie Zhang. The Sun as a Star. A main sequence star 5 billion years old 5 more billion years to go Temp. 5800 K ~ 6000 K Diameter: 695,000 km

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CSI 769-001/PHYS 590-001 Solar Atmosphere Fall 2004

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  1. CSI 769-001/PHYS 590-001 Solar Atmosphere Fall 2004 Lecture 01 Sep. 01, 2004 Some Basics Jie Zhang

  2. The Sun as a Star A main sequence star 5 billion years old 5 more billion years to go Temp. 5800 K ~ 6000 K Diameter: 695,000 km ~ 700,000 km A gas ball

  3. The Sun in the Galaxy At the edge of Milk Way 28,000 light years From the center

  4. The Sun and the Earth Distance: 1 AU (Astronomical Unit, average distance) 1 AU = 150 million km = 1.5e8 km 1 AU = 200 Rs (Rs: solar radius) Light Travel Time: 8 minutes Solar Wind Travel Time: 100 hours or 4 days (at 400 km/s)

  5. Model of Solar Atmosphere (1) Photosphere (2) Chromosphere (3) Transition Region (4) Corona

  6. The Discovery of Corona • Solar Eclipse Observations • since Babylonian report in 1063 BC (?) • Coronal ray noticed by Kepler (1571-1630), but thought moon origin • Coronal ray also thought to be Earth atmosphere origin or artifacts • When it was recognized as solar origin, it posed as a great puzzle • How to explain the extended structure? • How to explain the green line at 5303 Å? • Broad line width of Green line 0.9 Å (Lyot 1939) • Green line was later identified as from Fe XIV, highly ionized ion. • With line width and element mass, temperature can be derived

  7. Solar Eclipse

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