Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Follicular Adenoma

1. Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Follicular Adenoma Creative Biolabs is a leading CRO in the development of high-quality antibodies against biomarker proteins that are used for in vitro diagnosis (IVD) of various cancer and tumor types, such as follicular adenoma. Our combined knowledge and expertise guarantee premium solutions will be provided to our customers. Introduction of Follicular Adenoma Follicular adenoma is a benign encapsulated tumor of the thyroid gland. It is a firm or rubbery, homogeneous, round or oval tumor that is surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule. Most patients with a follicular adenoma are clinically and biochemically euthyroid, where the thyroid adenoma is silent. However, about 1% of follicular adenomas are functional tumors, producing excessive thyroid hormone and resulting in symptomatic hyperthyroidism. In this case, these functioning follicular adenomas avidly concentrate radioiodine, leading to the suppressive iodine uptake in the rest of the thyroid gland. Diagnostic of Follicular Adenoma The diagnostic evaluation of a patient who presents with a thyroid nodule consists of a routine fine-needle aspiration biopsy, an ultrasound examination of the neck, and a screening serum TSH level. The fine-needle aspiration biopsy is widely used in the diagnostic of various cancer and inflammatory conditions, where a thin, hollow needle is used for sampling, followed by examinations under a microscope. Most thyroid tumors can be readily diagnosed using the above histopathologic criteria, allowing the pathologist to differentiate benign from malignant lesions and guarantee an accurate classification. However, in most cases, the pathologist is confronted with thyroid lesions in which the distinction between benign and malignant can be quite subtle. For the accurate diagnosis of these challenging tumors, some ancillary

2. techniques such as an ultrasound examination of the neck, a screening serum TSH level, immunohistochemistry and molecular profiling are applied. An ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland is recommended in all patients with a thyroid nodule to help characterize the nodule as well as to examine the rest of the thyroid gland for other nodules. Although this technique alone cannot distinguish a follicular adenoma from a carcinoma, sonographic features such as hypoechogenicity, punctuate microcalcifications, indistinct or irregular margins are signs of a higher risk of malignancy. Moreover, all patients with nodular thyroid disease should have a serum SH level measured to evaluate the functional status of the thyroid gland. Usually, a low serum TSH level suggests a suspicious “toxic adenoma”. Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Diagnosis The advent of immunohistochemistry and molecular testing has greatly facilitated the differential diagnosis of thyroid tumors and brought improvement of diagnostic accuracy when combined with standard morphologic criteria. A number of molecular markers (e.g. galectin-3, CK19, and HBME-1) have been discovered and they help to optimize the management of patients with thyroid nodules as well as reduce unnecessary surgical resection of benign nodules. Furthermore, molecular profiling of tumors has become a promising technologic approach that may unravel important novel biomarkers to be incorporated in the management of thyroid tumors. Fig 1. Immunohistochemical stain of follicular adenoma shows the tumor cells focally reactive for galectin-3 (Saleh, 2010). Creative Biolabs is specialized in the development of antibodies that are suitable for immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis in the IVD of a number of diseases. In addition to follicular adenoma, areas of research provided here include other types of cancer, apoptosis, neurobiology,

3. autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases, and so on. Moreover, we offer customized solutions for our clients to meet every specific research requirement. Please contact us to experience the value of our expert services. Biomarker available now for Follicular Adenoma diagnosis: CD63 DDB1 TYMP VDAC2 DCXR TGFB1 NFE2L2MYC ANGPT2 Reference 1. Saleh, H. A., (2010). “Utility of immunohistochemical markers in differentiating benign from malignant follicular-derived thyroid nodules.”Diagnostic Pathology, 5(1):1-11. Related Services: IVD Antibodies for Exosome Marker Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Melanoma Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Leukemia Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Testicular Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Breast Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Pancreatic Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Bladder Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Brain Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Gastrointestinal Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Prostate Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Cholangiocarcinoma Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Germ Cell Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Liver Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Neuroendocrine Tumor Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Renal Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Lymph Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Glioma Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Esophageal Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Myeloma Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Colorectal Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Glioblastoma Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Thyroid Cancer Biomarkers and Antibodies Development for Lung Cancer