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IVD Antibody Development Services for ELAM-1 Marker

IVD (in vitro diagnostics) has been regarded as a new trend in the pharmaceutical industry, and has been broadly used in the diagnosis of diseases for monitoring drug therapies and determining prognosis.

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IVD Antibody Development Services for ELAM-1 Marker

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  1. IVD Antibody Development Services for ELAM-1 Marker IVD (in vitro diagnostics) has been regarded as a new trend in the pharmaceutical industry, and has been broadly used in the diagnosis of diseases for monitoring drug therapies and determining prognosis. Now, Creative Biolabs offers a comprehensive series of IVD antibody development services, including ELAM-1 (endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1). A group of technical experts and scientists specialized in IVD studies is willing to support you in your research in a timely and cost-effective manner. ELAM-1 ELAM-1 (endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1), is alternatively called E- selectin, CD62E (CD62 antigen-like family member E), or LECAM2 (leukocyte- endothelial cell adhesion molecule 2). It is a cell adhesion molecule expressed only on endothelial cells activated by cytokines. ELAM-1 is encoded by the SELEgene in humans. It plays a vital role in inflammation, like other selectins. ELAM-1 has a cassette structure, which consists of an N-terminal, C- type lectin domain, an EGF (epidermal-growth-factor)-like domain, a transmembrane domain (TM), 6 sushi domain (SCR repeat) units, and an intracellular cytoplasmic tail (cyto). ELAM-1 is not stored in the cell and has to be transcribed, translated, and then transported to the cell surface. The production of ELAM-1 is stimulated by the expression of P-selectin, which is stored in vesicles called Weibel-Palade bodies and acts as a cell adhesion molecule (CAM) on the surfaces of activated endothelial cells. And in turn, P- selectin is stimulated by TNFα (tumor necrosis factor α), IL-1 (interleukin-1) and LPS (lipopolysaccharide).

  2. Fig.1 Distinct use of E-selectin ligands between mature and immature leukocytes. (Katayama Y., 2013) The Role of ELAM-1 in Sepsis Sepsis is a severe and life-threatening systemic inflammatory response to infection. The pathophysiology of sepsis is related to aberrant interaction between the vascular endothelium and leukocytes. The vascular endothelium regulates leukocyte extravasation into tissues by the induction and modulation of endothelial cell adhesion molecules, such as ELAM-1. During inflammation, ELAM-1 plays a pivotal role in recruiting leukocytes to the injured region. The over-expression of ELAM-1 on endothelial cells of nearby blood vessels is induced by cytokines IL-1 and TNF-α which are locally released by macrophages. Along with the progress of inflammatory response, the adhesion molecules released by injured tissues get into the blood vessels and activate the rolling leukocytes, and thus could closely bind to the endothelial surface and begin to enter the tissue. Soluble ELAM-1 are found in serum at low levels in healthy individuals, while these levels are significantly increased in septic patient. Accordingly, shedding of ELAM-1 has thus been suggested to limit leukocyte-endothelial interactions both by reducing the cell surface density on the endothelium and by generating an intravascular competitive inhibitor or soluble ELAM-1 (called the decoy ligand) for leukocytes and thus decreasing collateral damage in the host.

  3. Fig.2 Endothelial cell response in sepsis. Activated endothelial cells (red-colored cells) express increased levels of E-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1. (Shapiro N I., 2010) Anti-ELAM-1 Antibodies Above all, the adhesion molecules such as ELAM-1 turn to shed from cell surfaces and accumulate in the blood as soluble isoforms, which has been regarded as potential prognostic disease biomarkers. As always focused on the spotlight of IVD antibody development, Creative Biolabs has developed the most effective ELAM-1 antibody development services for the diagnosis of prognosis of sepsis, with the ability to serve clients around the world. In addition to ELAM-1 antibody, Creative Biolabs also offers other specific antibodies for IVD diagnostic of sepsis. Please feel free to contact us for more details. References 1. Katayama Y. (2013). “Selective E-selectin ligands.”Blood, 122(24), 3858-3860. 2. Shapiro N I. et al. (2010). "The association of endothelial cell signaling, severity of illness, and organ dysfunction in sepsis." Critical Care, 14.5:R182. Related Services: IVD Antibody Development Services for IL-18 Marker IVD Antibody Development Services for IL-10 IVD Antibody Development Services for Gro-alpha Marker IVD Antibody Development Services for IL-1 Receptor Antagonist Marker IVD Antibody Development Services for IL-1β Marker IVD Antibody Development Services for IL-2 Marker IVD Antibody Development Services for IL-4 Marker IVD Antibody Development Services for IL-5 Marker IVD Antibody Development Services for IL-13 Marker

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