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Gambling as Strategies for Economic Development: The Case of Macau and Singapore

This article explores the role of gambling in the economic development of Macau and Singapore, analyzing the revenue, social impact, and regulatory measures. It also discusses the growth of online gambling and its potential risks.

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Gambling as Strategies for Economic Development: The Case of Macau and Singapore

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  1. Gambling as Strategies for Economic Development: The Case of Macau and Singapore Dr William Vlcek Lecturer in International Relations School of International Relations University of St Andrews, Scotland

  2. Overview • Macau casinos • Background and context • Revenue and visitors • Singapore casinos • Gambling revenue • Addressing the social ill • Internet gambling/Online gaming

  3. Geographical context

  4. Liberalising the casino license • In 1961, a monopoly license to operate casinos • Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macao (STDM), majority owner Stanley Ho • Return of Macau to Chinese governance, 1999 • Three casino licenses granted in 2002 • Galaxy Casino SA – Galaxy Casino and Venetian Macao • Wynn Resorts (Macao), sub-conscession to Melco PBL Jogos (Macau) • Sociedade de Jogos de Macau SA (SJM), sub-conscession to MGM Grand Paradise SA

  5. The Venetian, Macau

  6. Casino revenue growth Source: DSEC - Statistics and Census Service, Macao SAR Government (May 2014)

  7. Who gambles in Macau? Source: DSEC - Statistics and Census Service, Macao SAR Government (May 2014)

  8. Government benefit Source: DSEC - Statistics and Census Service, Macao SAR Government (May 2014)

  9. Casino taxes (Macau patacas - millions) Source: DSEC - Statistics and Census Service, Macao SAR Government (May 2014)

  10. Singapore– a competing Asian casino destination • Two ‘integrated resorts’ with a casino • Resorts World Sentosa (opened February 2010) • Marina Bay Sands (opened April 2010)

  11. Marina Bay Sands, Singapore from Merlion Park

  12. Singapore – gambling revenue • Total gross gaming revenue for 2011 was ‘almost US$6 billion’. • For 2011 Singapore collected ‘betting taxes’ of US$1.84 billion

  13. Singapore visitors and betting tax collections Source: Ministry of Trade and Finance (various years) Economic Survey of Singapore

  14. Betting taxes (million Singapore dollars) Source: Ministry of Trade and Finance (various years) Economic Survey of Singapore

  15. Addressing the social ills • Citizens and permanent residents pay an entrance fee (S$100 per visit or S$2,000 for an annual pass) • ‘Around’ 200,000 residents visited a casino in 2011 • Government maintains a list of ‘excluded persons’ the casinos must prevent from entering the gaming rooms

  16. Additional Asian casino destinations

  17. Internet – the classic view New Yorker cartoon by Peter Steiner, published 1993.

  18. Internet gambling, ‘offshore’ • Antigua-Barbuda, Costa Rica, Gibraltar, Isle of Man • WTO Dispute Case DS285: United States — Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services

  19. Online gaming is dangerous • Corrupting influence on children • Money laundering • Terrorist finance

  20. Leicester Square, London

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