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The Civil Rights Movement. Woolworth sit-In, North Carolina, 1960. Woolworth sit-In , Mississippi, 1963. Jim Crow Laws. Restricted marriage, voting, and working rights. I. Civil Rights under Pres. Eisenhower. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)
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The Civil Rights Movement Woolworth sit-In, North Carolina, 1960 Woolworth sit-In, Mississippi, 1963
Jim Crow Laws • Restricted marriage, voting, and working rights
I. Civil Rights under Pres. Eisenhower • Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) “Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.” --Supreme Court Justice Earl Warren
Southern Reaction Against Brown v. Board of Education • 80% of White southerners opposed ruling • KKK Revival • De-segregation not enforced
Little Rock 9, 1957 • Central Rock High School, Little Rock, Arkansas • Governor Faubus had National Guard block entrance • Eisenhower sent 1,000 paratroopers to protect the 9 students
Montgomery Bus Boycott (Dec. 1955 – Dec. 1956 • 40,000 African American daily bus riders in Montgomery, Alabama • Rosa Parks, NAACP member • Dr. Martin Luther King led bus boycott • Supreme Court outlaws bus segregation
II. Civil Rights Under JFK • Birmingham/ Bombingham, 1963 • Police Commissioner “Bull” Conner promoted segregation
Dr. King’s March on Washington • Intended to pressure JFK, 1963
III. Civil Rights Under LBJ • LBJP promoted the Civil Rights Act as a legacy to honor assassinated JKF
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Ended Legal Segregation • Created Equal Employment Opportunity Commission • Did not address voting rights
Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Ended literacy tests, poll taxes, grandfather clauses • Registered black voters in the South increased by 2 million