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Agricultural Investigations. Law Enforcement Perspective. “Agriculture ranks among the most crucial of our nation’s industries; yet its reliability and productivity are often taken for granted.” President George W. Bush. What is Agroterrorism?.
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Agricultural Investigations Law Enforcement Perspective
“Agriculture ranks among the most crucial of our nation’s industries; yet its reliability and productivity are often taken for granted.” President George W. Bush
What is Agroterrorism? • The deliberate introduction of an agent, either against livestock, crops or into the food chain, for purposes of undermining stability and generating fear.
Terrorism 28 C.F.R. § 0.85 Title 22 of USC, §2656f(d) “… the unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives.” “… premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by sub-national groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience.”
Criminal Violations • Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Statute of 1989, (BWAT) Title 18, USC §175 • Use of Weapons of Mass Destruction Statute Title, 18, USC §2332a • Chemical Weapons Convention Implementation Act of 1998, Title 18, USC §229 • Prohibited Transactions Involving Nuclear Materials, Title 18, USC §831
Agricultural Vulnerabilities • It will be an economic assault on our national • security and infrastructure • Our ability to produce safe, plentiful, and inexpensive • food creates the discretionary spending that drives • the American standard of living • Early detection and effective intervention is critical
Food and Agriculture Targets • Livestock • Crops • Water supplies • Food in grocery stores • Food and agriculture transportation systems • Farm workers • Livestock producers • Food processors • Food handlers • Processing facilities • Restaurants • Ultimate target?
WMD Threat- Current Assessment - • We continue to investigate allegations regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction and their illegal use • At this time there is no credible intelligence that a DomesticTerrorist Group is either developing or planning to use a sophisticated Chemical, Biological, or Radiological Weapon on U.S. agriculture or food system. • Each WMD threat is thoroughly investigated • The vast majority fail to reveal the presence of actual hazardous material, although we have seen Anthrax,Ricin,Shigella, and the use of Industrial Chemicals/Pesticides • There are roughly a dozen formalized International Terrorist Groups, most notably Al-Qaeda, that have an interest in the development of a WMD agricultural program or have used WMD in the past.
Presidential Decision Directive 5 U.S. Policy on Domestic Incidents - signed by President Bush 3/03 • Outlines a national approach treating crisis and consequence management as an integrated function. • Directs highest priority to prevent, prepare for, respond to and recover from terrorist attacks and major disasters. • Designates Homeland Security as the lead Federal Agency for managing the operational federal response.
DHS Presidential Decision Directive 9 U.S. Policy to Protect Agriculture and Food System - signed by President Bush 01/04 • Identifying agriculture and food system as critical • infrastructure. • Developing awareness and early warning capabilities to • recognize threats. • Mitigating vulnerabilities at critical production and • processing areas. • Enhancing product screening procedures and • response and recovery.
The FBI’s Role (per PDD-15, Annex II) • Conduct criminal and intelligence investigations: • Investigate terrorist acts planned or carried out by • foreign/domestic groups in the U.S. • Gather Intelligence: • Collect, analyze, and disseminate intelligence on • terrorist groups and activities. • Serve as the lead for the investigation.
Importance of Response • Emergency response to a WMD crime scene requires that each responder perform in a manner that does not jeopardize Life Safety or successful prosecution
Threat Assessment Process Threat Consultation Assessment Behavioral FBIHQ WMDOU Local FBI Operational Technical State/Local Responders USDA FDA HHS DOE EPA DHS FEMA DOD Threat HMRU NCAVC CIRG
Government Private Industry Science/ Academia Law Enforcement Health, Medical, Veterinary Education and Awareness
Inaugural: May 3 – 5, 2005 2nd Year: Sept. 25-29, 2006 3rd Year: April 22-24, 2008 Hyatt Crown Center Kansas City, Missouri Next: May 2010
What Have We Learned? • Threats need to be taken seriously • Need a framework for response and coordination to • handle large incidents • Adequate resources and expertise • - Determine extent of contamination and any public health • implications by testing product, recalling product and • alerting consumers • - Finding the perpetrator by law enforcement capabilities
QUESTIONS????????????? SA David Cudmore, FBI WMD Coordinator 816-512-8684